Ethical Study On Human Genetic Data Sharing

With the progress of gene sequencing technology and the reduction of sequencing threshold,human gene data has been increasing rapidly.Human gene data is a kind of information reflecting individual genetic characteristics.It has the general characteristics of big data.It also has the special nature of predicting the risk of illness,having individual identities and multiple ascription.Multiple ascription of human genetic data shows the nature of its sharing.Human gene data sharing is that put a certain range of human genetic data into a platform,and users can share and utilize these human gene data according to certain principles,standards and procedures.Human gene data sharing will face some ethical problems,which are mainly about privacy protection,human gene patent and national gene data sovereignty.Firstly,human genetic data sharing will increase the possibility of disclosing personal privacy.Unrestricted privacy protection is not conducive to data sharing.Then human genetic data sharing will touch the interests of the patent rights holders and may affect the initiative of gene development.At the same time,if the exclusive genetic patent is not limited,it will restrict the promotion of human genetic data sharing.Finally,the human genome data sharing will bring the risk of infringing national genetic data sovereignty.The narrow autarky also affects the worldwide implementation of human genetic data sharing.The focus of the three aspects of the conflict is the imbalance of public interest and individual interests,and the conflict of data public rights and data private rights.To coordinate the relationship between public and individual interests,data public rights and data private rights is an inevitable requirement for promoting human genetic data sharing.Human genetic data sharing is an inevitable trend in the development of medicine.The ethical basis of human genetic data sharing is shared ethics.Human genetic data sharing can be ethical defended from utilitarianism and deontology.Combined with the ethical problems in the preceding analysis,this paper puts forward four ethical principles that we should abide by when we share human gene data that is no harm,informed consent,utility,justice.In addition,this article attempts to put forward four specific suggestions:strengthening the construction of ethical committees at all levels.Improving relevant laws and regulations.Building a secure and unified platform for sharing.Actively strengthening international cooperation.