The Relationship Between Cumulative Ecological Risk And Mental Health Of Left-Behind Children:the Role Of Coping And Gratitude

The left behind children as a special group need more attention.Ecological risk factors are any environmental factors that increase the likelihood of individual negative or undesirable development results,previous studies on left-behind children focused only on a single or few risk factors,but not on multiple ecological risks.The dual-factor model of mental health puts forward a complete mental health standard for integrating positive and negative indicators,but has not been studied in the group of left-behind children.Exploring the relationship between ecological risk and positive and negative indicators of mental health is of great significance to the healthy development of left-behind children.Therefore,the dual-factor model of mental health and the model of cumulative risk were used to investigate the present situation of mental health of left behind children and the mechanism of cumulative ecological risk.on mental health.In addition,this study also carried out the gratitude intervention in the group of left-behind children,we hope to provide reference for relevant research and work.Study one,taking random cluster sampling method to collect data from 705 left-behind children.According to the compound index of the dual-factor model of mental health,the left behind children were divided into the four groups:78%of sample had complete mental health,11.5%was vulnerable,7.2%was symptomatic but content,and 3.3%was troubled.The means of the four groups differed significantly in terms of cumulative ecological risk,gratitude,and coping tendency,the complete mental health group has the best function.And High subjective well-being can keep individuals well-developed when psychopathology is high or low.Study two,collecting data from 705 left-behind children as same as the study one.With the simplified index(depression and life satisfaction)of mental health as dependent variables,the software of SPSS and Mplus were used to test the moderated mediation models.Results indicated that:(1)Coping tendency mediated the effect of cumulative ecological risk on depression among left behind children.(2)Gratitude moderated this mediation effect of coping tendency.As the level of gratitude increases,the indirect effects of cumulative ecological risk through coping tendencies on depression is increases.(3)Gratitude moderated the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and coping tendency,life satisfaction.Specifically,the coping tendency and life satisfaction of individuals with higher level of gratitude is better than those with lower level of gratitude,and gratitude enhanced the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on coping tendency and life satisfaction.Study three,in the group of left-behind children,60 subjects of grade 7 were randomly selected,and the method of Counting Blessings was used to intervene gratitude of the subjects.Before the intervention,we measured the baseline level of cumulative ecological risk,coping tendency,subjective well-being and depression.Then,we randomly divided the subjects into intervention and control groups,the intervention group asked to complete 14 days of gratitude diary records.In the end of intervention,we measured the variables again.Results indicated that:(1)Counting Blessings only can improve the gratitude of left-behind children.(2)Counting Blessings decreased the positive affect of left-behind children.(3)Counting Blessings has no significant effect on other vaiables.Summary:The dual-factor model of mental health has good validity among left-behind children,the complete mental health group has the best function,high subjective well-being can keep individuals well-developed when psychopathology is high or low;Coping tendency mediated the effect of cumulative ecological risk on depression,gratitude moderated this mediation effect and gratitude enhanced the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on coping tendency and life satisfaction;Counting Blessings only can improve the gratitude of left-behind children,but will decreased the positive affect at the same time.