The Thirty Years' War And Politic Research Of Heiliges Romisches Reich Deutscher Nation

The "Thirty Years War" was once called "the trauma of the Germans" before the outbreak of the First World War.In the 30 years between 1618 and 1648,the German region became the battlefield between various powers to resolve conflicts,compete for wealth,and seek hegemony.Although the war was first provoked by the princes of the Holy Roman Empire,as the war progressed,all the major European countries began to intervene in the internal affairs of the Holy Roman Empire.This eventually made the thirty-year war transformed into an all-European hegemony war from a civil war within the Empire.Although this war caused a great disaster to the entire Holy Roman Empire,during this period,the Empire also showed some changes in the transition to modern times.These changes are more evident in political systems,military affairs,and diplomacy.In the political system,the war has led to the further disintegration of the feudal system that has weakened since the modern times.First of all,because the size of the army caused by the infantry revolution after the 14th century has expanded,this has led to a large increase in the amount of military expenditure.The aristocracy is generally unable to shoulder the burden,thus leading to military forces emperor-concentrated.At the same time,the war also undermined the pattern of monopoly of military affairs by the aristocracy,and a large number of civilians began to enter the army.Some civilians with a low birth rate entered the aristocracy because of their higher military qualities or military exploits,and also were impacts against the aristocracy.Secondly,during the war,the emperor also began to try to concentrate power.Ferdinand ? himself was the pope.He freely disposed of the clergy and the church' s property and suppressed local princes who did not obey his orders,whether he was a Protestant prince or a Catholic,showing the scene in which he gathered Caesar and the Pope.Absolutism also began to appear.On the military side,due to the massive increase in the demand for equipment and funds brought about by the expansion of the military scale,the importance of logistics supplies has greatly increased.The looting method at the beginning of the 30-year war can obviously not meet the needs of the military.The modern taxation system began to appear.At the same time,because of the reform of weaponry and equipment,the proportion of each arm of the army has also changed:the number of gunners in the infantry has risen significantly;the artillery has become the main force in the battlefield;the role of the cavalry has changed from the main force of the battlefield to that of infantry,in order to adapt to this The character,the Dragoons,began to appear on a scale.In terms of diplomacy,due to the importance of the geographical location and strategic status of the German region,European powers have also begun to intervene in the Thirty Years War,making this war from the problems of the Holy Roman Empire into an international issue throughout Europe.From the beginning of the French open war of interference,the 30-year war also tore off the coat of the last layer of religion,and the national interest has become the most important criterion for all countries to handle their diplomatic relations.This war has also made the German region a battlefield for European countries to compete in the game.At the end of the war,the shadow of foreign forces that enveloped the Germans' heads was more serious than before the war broke out.It also made it clear to Germans that to ensure their own safety,they must ensure the internal stability.The unified German concept began to appear.The "Westphalia and the treaty",signed after the end of the thirty years of war,made the state sovereignty clear in the Holy Rome Empire and the situation of the Empire greatly enhanced the influence of the whole of Europe.