Study On The System Of The Provincial Judge In The Northern Song Dynasty

From the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties,county magistrates and the officials of military governorship were influenced by the appointment of the central government and the Pi Ju of the local government simultaneously.Many official titles,which was used in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties,were still used at the beginning of the Song Dynasty.The patronage of these officers is in the control of the central government,which is different from the previous generation.The Provincial Judge is one kind of the officials of military governorship.Provincial government was the important part of Local Administrative System in the Song Dynasty.County magistrates is assistants of the provincial chief executive.They helped the provincial chief executive to deal with complicated affairs.As the leader of all the officials,county magistrates had to cope with all kinds of local affairs.Among the many functions of county magistrates,the most prominent one is judiciary.The judicial adjudication is emphasized in the Song Dynasty.Many provincial officers could participate in provincial judicial affairs.The Judge played a major role in the judgment and review of cases.They defended the justice of local judicature.Compared with the previous generation,the system of the Provincial Judge in the Northern Song Dynasty had its own characteristics.The first is the appearance of special officers,who were used to be capital officials.It enriched the source of the judge.The origins were the only one difference between the special officers and Provincial Judge.The second was the diversified promotion of the Provincial Judge.The Provincial Judge was decided to whether be promoted or not through the examination of job performances.The government of the Song Dynasty attaches great importance to the assessment and selection of officials.The low-ranking county magistrates had to pass many examinations to get the opportunity to enter the senior ranks.In order to strengthen the management of the county magistrates,the government of the Song Dynasty made a lot of regulations on the promotion and demotion.In a word,through the investigation of the relevant system of the county magistrates in the Song Dynasty,we can get a better understanding of the county magistrate system and the effect of Provincial officials in local society.