On The Research Of Discourse Markers "ni V(V)Qiao" In Fengqing Dialect

Discourse markers are frequently used in daily communications.The research on discourse markers can make us better understand the hints in the information communication,understand the emotional attitude of the speakers and much information besides the speakers' words.Dialect is the living fossil of local culture;the combination of dialect and discourse markers can not only enrich the research on discourse markers,but also better understand the whole features of the dialect.Based on the research of Fengqing dialect discourse markers "ni V(V)qiao",the paper does a detailed study on its characristics of form,the grammatical path of “ni”,“V” and “qiao”,and the mechanism of grammaticalization.At the same time,from the perspective of discourse markers,we can find many useful things that predecessors did not find before.“Qiao”,which is used as a particle,being placed behind the verbs,is considered to be the characteristic usage that we should pay more attention to during the dialect discourse markers " ni V(V)qiao ".The usage appeared in the Qing Dynasty,disappeared in the modern spoken Chinese mandarin,but well preserved in Fengqing dialect.In addition,Fengqing people usually use “wang” not “kan” to describe visual behavior.These are the predominant characteristics of the dialect discourse markers " ni V(V)qiao ".This paper is divided into three parts: introduction,body and conclusion.The introduction part briefly summarizes the current situation of discourse markers,the meanings,ideas and methods of the dialect discourse markers " ni V(V)qiao ".The body part concludes five parts which is from Chapter one to Chapter five.In the first chapter,the paper takes an example of the methods both from domestic and foreign definitions about discourse markers,combining with the characteristics of the dialect,later forms its own definitions about discourse markers and dialect discourse markers.By the analysis of form,meaning and function,the paper concludes the features of " ni V(V)qiao " as the pure discourse marker based on the corpora.The second chapter is divided into three small parts,respectively discusses the interpersonal function,textual function and the textual positions of "ni wang/kan qiao","ni shuo qiao",and "ni xiang qiao".The third chapter is divided into three small parts,respectively discusses the grammaticalization path of "ni","wang","kan","shuo","xiang" and "qiao".We find that,each part of " ni V(V)qiao " has the signs of delexicalization,which lays the basis of grammaticalization causing "ni V(V)qiao" from a subject-predicate structure to discourse marker.The fourth chapter is divided into two small parts.The first part compares "ni V qiao" with "ni V V qiao" on the functions from the subjectivity,the imperative mood,and the strength of attempt meaning and dynamic strength;this paper holds that each function of "ni V V qiao" is more powerful than that of "ni V qiao" in all aspects.The second part compares "ni V qiao" with "ni V qiao ni" on the functions from the purposes,contents and attitudes of the conversation;this paper holds that "ni V qiao" and "ni V qiao ni" are used in different context,"ni V qiao ni" is more frequently used in the context of dissatisfaction and rebuke.The fifth chapter is divided into four small parts.First,it discusses the conditions and methods of grammaticalization combining with the analysis of the corpus,elaborates the formation mechanism of "ni V(V)qiao" which is expounded by using the metaphorical mechanism,the implicit-dominant replacement mechanism,the principle of subjectivity and inter-subjectivity,the mechanism of contextual absorption and the adaptability principle of context.The last part analyzes "ni V(V)qiao" as dialect discourse markers in the perspective of dialectal context,and analyzes the contextual factors affecting "ni V(V)qiao" dialect discourse markers in detail from the social cognition,with the entry point of the relationship between the participants,the purpose of the conversation,the content of the conversation and the attitude of the participants.The conclusion part generalizes the whole text and the train of thought,summarizes the innovation,and reflects the deficiencies,laying the foundation for further research.