Translation Of Long And Complicated Sentences

This is a report on the translation of Countering Online Hate Speech published in 2015 by the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).The document presents a comprehensive study on online hate speech.It begins with the introduction of different definitions of hate speech in different countries and legal instruments.On this basis,this document presents global,regional,national and local principles and conventions of different functions and different focuses.In addition,it also shows how international communities,regions,nations respond to hate speech,especially online hate speech.Finally the study attempts to analyze all kinds of social responses and give some advice on how to counter online hate speech.The text chosen to be translated contains a large number of long and complicated sentences which are beyond the author ?s ability to handle.Therefore,the main work of this translation practice is about how to translate long and complicated sentences well.When it comes to long and complicated sentences,plenty of translators and translation theorists had already focused much attention and energy on the study of how to translate long and complicated sentences.Among lots of translation theories,the author adopted the Back Transformation theory in this translation practice and introduced some translation methods to deal with long and complicated sentence in this report.As far as the author?s concerned,when encountered with a long and complicated sentence,translators should firstly figure out all structural elements and list out all events conveyed in the original sentence.Having done that,it is the second step to divide the original sentence into a few simple and short sentences,and then translated these sentences into the target language.Finally translators would coordinate and transform these translated simple sentences into grammatically appropriate expressions with consideration of contexts.As for how to finish the last step mentioned above,the author also presented four methods,which are respectively linear translation,inverse translation,phasing method and use of parenthesis.The present report is consisted of four parts,including task description,process description,case study and conclusion.Through these four chapters,it introduces a practical procedure for the translation of long and complicated sentences by combining Back Transformation Theory and four translation methods.Obviously the most important step of this procedure is to transform the original sentence into a few simple and short sentences.However,the present report still cannot provide a specific rule about how many short sentences we need to list out.Besides,the step may cost more effort or influence negatively the quality of translation if not done correctly.Therefore,the author suggested some researches so as to find out the relationship between the number of short sentences listed and structure and elements of the original sentence.