A Study On Exam-oriented Formulas Of Middle School Students From The Perspective Of Language Capacity

The formula has long been treated as a negative phenomenon in the language life,but it's difficult to prohibit.In recent years,the study on Chinese formulas in various fields has gradually been beginning to start.Faced with status that national mother-tongue competence needs improving,this paper focuses on formulas in middle school students' mother-tongue examinations;investigates in exam-oriented templates existing in coaching materials and educational websites;researches exam-oriented formulas starting with exam-oriented context and cognitive ability based on cognitive linguistic and combined with pragmatics;puts forward constructive ideas for the future development of middle students' mother-tongue competence.The body part is composed of four chapters.The first chapter introduces the origin of the topic,the object of the study,the significance and purpose of the study,the status of the research,the source of the corpus and the methods of research.The second chapter explores the formation and the types of exam-oriented formulas.This paper analyzes three sources of exam-oriented formulas in the dynamic perspective: the reality of communicative pressure and the linguisticality of reading comprehension,the dual-mod balance of mother-tongue system,the inheritance of strategies in text interpretation.It extracts elements from context where formulas applied and analyzes structure of the context.It discovers that the whole exam-oriented context in reading comprehension examination is a ternary structure of questioner,text and candidate;the communicative position is a ladder structure: candidate< text< questioner.Thus it define the exam-oriented act as a speech act that candidates impart relevant understanding to questioners with text as core.And then it divides exam-oriented formulas into depicting,narrating,explaination,expositing,connecting,from the perspective that formulas in exam-oriented context are used in achieving which kind of communicative functions.The five functional formulas are compounded with each other and compose the communicational Strategies in examinations.The paper divides exam-oriented formulas into part-whole,path,container metaphor,contacting,from the perspective of image schemas.The four formulas compose Strategies of cognitive construal in examinations.The third chapter analyzes three characteristics of formulas in exam-oriented context and three kinds of effectiveness to language production of candidates.The exam-oriented formulas stored in memory after categorization can be used in forecasting and extracting response strategies including question formulation,response style,construal manner,terminology,concept cluster,cohesion,and then achieve effect of constructing the environment of language production,keeping fluency of language production,achieve the capacity of pragmatic integration.The fourth chapter based on filterability investigates limitations of formulas that will become visible if candidates use extensively,or cannot identify the context,or cannot possess the consciousness of deconstructing formulas,and puts forward four countermeasure proposals from two perspectives of introduction and using.It is discussed that instructors and candidates should lay emphasis on activating the innovation to formulas aimed at improving mother-tongue competence at the background of the language life.The chapter conducts a case study of appearing-verb with high-frequency,and considers that the expansion of formulas has a certain effect on improving self-monitoring competence of mother tongue.