Comparison And Analyse Of Burials In Hexi And Guanzhong During Wei-Jin And Sixteen States Period

Liangzhou was originally the place where xiongnu xiu tu wang and Hun Xie wang lived.After the two Kings surrendered to han,the western Han set up four counties of Zhangye,Jiuquan,Dunhuang and Wuwei.In the Wei dynasty,Liangzhou was divided into eight counties,namely,Zhangye,Jiuquan,Dunhuang,Wuwei,Jincheng,Xiping,xihai and Xijun.The Hexi region referred to in this paper is within Liangzhou,namely the four counties of Zhangye,Jiuquan,Dunhuang and Wuwei,and the land outlook of these four counties is roughly the four regions of today's Zhangye,Jiuquan,Dunhuang and Wuwei.During the western Han dynasty,as the capital of chang'an,there were no states and counties in Guanzhong.The west part of Guanzhong was divided into Liangzhou,and most of it was under the jurisdiction of the secretary and governorship,but not all the states and counties.In the eastern Han dynasty,emperor Guangwu appointed Luoyaing as his capital and then set up Yongzhou in Guanzhong,which was later abolished.In the period of emperor wen of Wei,the Hexi region under the jurisdiction of yong prefecture was divided into Liangzhou and Longgyou region under its jurisdiction was placed under the jurisdiction of Qinzhou.During the western jin dynasty,Yongzhou was re-established,with jurisdiction over the seven counties of Jingzhao,Fengyi,Fufeng,Anding,Beidi,Shining and Xinping.The Guanzhong area in this paper is within the range of Yongzhou,that is,the areas of Jingzhao,Fengyi and Fufeng are roughly equivalent to today's Xi'an,Xianyang and Baoji,and some of them also involve Xunyang in the southeast of Shaanxi.In Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period,a turbulent period in the history of China,the chaos caused by war occurred frequently,and the regions communicated culture closely,burials are the important media for us to cognize the culture of such period.Hexi and Guanzhong played the important historical roles in Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period,of which Hexi once established five regimes including Former Liang regime,Later Liang regime,Northern Liang regime,Southern Liang regime,Western Liang regime,while Guanzhong established Former Qin,Later Qin,Great Xia and other regimes.Hexi and Guanzhong have unearthed a certain amount of burials traced back to Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period,but the relevant research articles mainly focus on the art history or moral contents of mural tombs,most focuses on a single region,seldom involve in the burial similarities and differences between two regions,while this paper carries out the relevant research based on this background.Taking the burials in Hexi and Guanzhong during Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period as the research objects,this paper carries out the research towards the chronological burials and burial objects in the above regions by groups and periods through combining the results of other researchers and using the method of Archaeological Typology,then concludes the era judgment and pattern characteristics,but does not presume the era of non-chronological tombs,finally summarizes and analyzes the causes of similarities and differences by comparing the burials in Hexi and Guanzhong.This paper includes four parts:?.Chapter?.Introduction.The contents include the topic background,signifi cance,and the review towards the academic history of related researches,and specifies the related concepts and research thoughts.II.Chapter II.Research on Burial Types in Hexi.Firstly,the typology rese arch is conducted for the burials and burial objects of chronological tombs trac ed back to Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period unearthed in Hexi region,second ly,the burials and burial objects are divided into different groups and periods,thirdly,the burials in Hexi region can be divided into three groups,which co rrespond to three period,namely the first group belongs to the first period,the second group belongs to the second period,and the third group belongs to th e third period.The above periods refer to CaoWei Period,Western Jin Period,Sixteen States Period,the pattern characteristics of each period can be conclu ded after the division,but the era of non-chronological tombs is not presumed.III.Chapter III.Research on Burial Types in Guanzhong.The group and period division is conducted after the typology research on the burials and buri al objects by combining the chronological tombs and well preserved non-chron ological tombs traced back to Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period unearthed in Guanzhong region,then,the burials in Guanzhong region can be divided into t wo groups,namely the first group belongs to the first period,the second grou p belongs to the second period,which correspond to CaoWei-Western Jin Perio d and Sixteen States Period,finally,the pattern characteristics of burials in two periods are concluded.IV.Chapter IV.Comparison for the Characteristic of Burials in Hexi and Guanzhong.The contents include the comparison of similarities and differences of the burials in Hexi and Guanzhong,and the analysis of the causes of such similarities and differences.After the comparison,it can be found that both th e burial objects in Hexi and Guanzhong include bows,crossbows and other we apons,and there are similarities in the type of burials and the pattern of burial objects,which may be associated with the wars occurred in two regions durin g Wei-Jin and Sixteen States Period,likewise,the political,economic,personne 1 contact caused by wars are also the causes of similarities.There are both si milarities and differences,the burials in Guanzhong are arranged horizontally in a certain order,while the burials in Hexi are disposed in the graveyard,whic h may be associated with the bold and unreserved family politics in Hexi.In addition,there are also mural tombs and screen walls in Hexi region,which d o not exist in Guanzhong,which may be because Hexi continues the traditions of Han dynasty.At last,the burials of Xianbei nationality are discovered in Hexi,which may be related to the ethnic minorities living in Hexi.V.Conclusion:This paper provides a brief sunmmary towards the above discussion.