On Pitch,duration And Pitch Range Of Pentasyllable Foci In Mandarin News Broadcast

The focus needs to be highlighted and emphasized in the expression.It can be expressed not only by grammatical and lexical means,but also by accent.Material textualization is the trend of phonetic research in recent years.This paper attempts to study the stress of focus from the perspective of discourse by using the theory and means of experimental phonetics.This paper focuses on three parts.First,it focuses on the pitch and duration of the syllables inside the five-syllable names that load focus information in the news broadcast.Then,it focuses on the pitch,the pitch range and duration of the five-syllable names in different positions in the sentence.Finally,it focuses on whether the five-syllable foci are applicable to the three-segment theory(Xu,1999;Chen,Wang & Xu,2009;Wu & Xu,2010;Xu,Chen & Wang,2012)in news broadcast discourse.The introductory part of the paper explains the research background,the theoretical basis of the research and the research objectives.The body part explains the results of the acoustic analysis.The main body consists of three parts.In the first part,in the news broadcast,the syllables inside the word that load focus information are the main research objects.Through statistical analysis and graphic comparison,the pitch and duration inside the five-syllable name with focus and no focus are compared.The experimental results show that the result of the experiment of Jia Yuan,Li Aijun(2007)and Jia Yuan,Ma Qiuwu,and Li Aijun(2007)are still applicable in news broadcast discourse.In terms of pitch,focus has an influence on the pitch of five-syllable name in the news broadcast.And it is mainly reflected in the elevation of the H-tone value.In terms of duration,the duration of the focus component is not necessarily long.However,due to the influence of the focus accent,the biggest change in duration is the end syllable.In the second part,through the statistical analysis and graphic comparison,the pitch,duration and pitch range of the five-syllable names that load focus information in the news broadcast are compared at different positions in the sentence.Experiments have found that at different focal positions pitch,pitch range,and duration of the fivesyllable names are limited by the combination of tones.In the term of pitch,when the focus is at the beginning of the sentence,the pitch value of the focus component is significantly higher than the pitch value at the broad focus regardless of the tone combination.When the focus is at the middle of the sentence,the pitch value of focus component depends on the combination of tones.When the focus is at the end of the sentence,there is no significant difference in the pitch of the five-syllable names when there is focus and no focus.In the term of pitch range,when T2 tone is combined,focus has a steady influence on the focus component.The pitch range of focus component is always extended.And there is a significant difference between focus and no focus.However,the duration of the focus component does not necessarily extend.In the third part,through statistical analysis and graphical comparison,we investigate the adjustment effect of “three-segment” theory on five-syllable foci.Experiments prove that the "three-segment" theory is universal in news broadcast discourse.Moreover,when analyzing cases,it is usually necessary to supplement the explanation from the perspective of rhetoric.