Frankfurt School's Ideology Of Science And Technology And Its Enlightenment To China

The proposition of ideology has been debated by many scholars for many years.Marx defined it as the superstructure of ideas and did not include science and technology in it.However,the prosperity and development of the science and technology benefit the development of productivity.There is no association between science and technology at the beginning,but with the development of the society the two aspects start to take on the trend of the mutual fusion,in addition,as mediation of practice it eventually generates significant effects on people's ideology because of the expansion of the instrumental rationality advocated by capitalism,and some Frankfurt scholars even suggested that the science and technology has the function of ideology.Horkheimer as the founder of the Frankfurt school put forward this problem firstly through the criticism of the enlightenment rationality.He thinks that the reason advocated by enlightenment has replaced the traditional feudal superstition to become the new mythology to enslave people's minds,or science and technology begin to control human,besides the development of culture industry starts to control the public based on the perspective of artistic creation and aesthetic,the real aesthetic and artistic strangled under standardization.However,Marcuse explains the ideological functions of science and technology from the negative aspects.He thinks that the development of modern science and technology make people intoxicated in the comfortable life and difficult to realize the truth,naturally the public think the current system is more promising,furthermore,the current system is pushing out people having a critical spirit and only those people who accord with the present system can be accepted.What's more,the development of science and technology began to suppress the development of people themselves,and even domesticating people into a part of the machine from the practice,as the result,people's critical consciousness began to be obliterated.On the other hand,Habermas explained the ideological function of science and technology from the angle of the legal crisis of capitalism,unlike Marcuse,Habermas' s attitude towards ideology of science and technology is neutral,he thinks that governments' intervention in the economy caused people's question for the legitimacy of authorities,and exactly the development of science and technology has distracted people's attention more or less,which covered the legitimacy crisis.It should be noted that the viewpoints of the Frankfurt school also have their own limitations.On the one hand,they adhere to the view of heroic history and hold that only a few intellectuals are the key to change the world.On the other hand,all of the three scholars did not question the current capitalist system,but went to the road of young Hegel,and this why they did not consider this proposition from the perspective of practice.Therefore,at present,we must pay attention to the social function of science and technology and adhere to the leadership of the communist party of China and the construction of ideology,only in this way can science and technology truly overcome its negative significance to serve the socialist construction.