Study On Agricultural Development In Dianchi Region In The Middle Of Qing Dynasty

The Dianchi Lake area is the most important agricultural area in Yunnan during the Qing Dynasty.The Dianchi Lake is the center of the division of natural geography units,and the Bianchi Lake is the basis of agricultural cultivation.From the administrative division,it includes the four counties in the ring pools of Kunming County,Chenggong County,Jinning Prefecture and Kunyang State.The climate,soil,water resources,culture,customs,and social structure in the four counties are basically the same,and the agricultural development context is similar.In the middle and early Qing dynasties,the agricultural development in Dianchi Lake experienced three periods of recession-recovery-peak,showing the characteristics of development driven by population growth,land-based cultivation,and water conservancy construction.The staged growth of the population is the main driving force for the restoration and development of agriculture in the region and its further development.It provides ample labor for land reclamation.The surge in population has brought about the emergence of a large number of villages,which has promoted the reclamation rate in Pingba area in terms of quantity and space,accelerated the development of mountainous areas,increased the amount of land,and expanded the pattern of land use.At the same time,with the increase of population and land,the contradiction between human and water,and the intensification of contradiction between water and land,the Dianchi Lake region has been divided into three regions: water-rich,semi-rich and not rich.In response to the needs of the three regions for agricultural development,each region has built corresponding water conservancy projects in accordance with its own development needs.The completion of the water conservancy project led to the rapid development of agriculture in the middle and early Qing dynasties.Combined with the advancement of agricultural technology,the traditional crop production structure in the region has undergone new changes,which has led to the cultivation of a large number of economiccrops,and has also led to the development of forestry,fishery and other industries.During this process,excessive cultivation also brought problems such as mountain and forest destruction,water and soil loss,and atrophy of water bodies in the Dianchi Lake region.The ecological impact on the regional agricultural development in Dianchi Lake has become increasingly prominent.