The Study Of Jehol Diary From The Perspective Of Intercultural Communication

Jehol Diary is a travel diary written by Piao Zhiyuan,an 18th-century writer in the Joseon Dynasty.The author was once a tourist in a diplomatic corps,which gave him a close encounter with Chinese society and Chinese people during the Qing Dynasty.The experience in China gave Piao Zhiyuan the chance to write Jehol Diary.The records of what he saw and the communication he had are valuable materials for the study of intercultural communication between China and countries in the Korean Peninsula both in history and now.There existed stereotypes between the Qing Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty,which are recorded in Jehol Diary,When Piao Zhiyuan came to China,the Manchu had been in the Central Plains for more than 100 years.The Joseon Dynasty was the vassal state of the Qing Dynasty at that time.Every year,the Joseon Dynasty dispatched diplomatic corps to give tributes to the Qing Dynasty.At the same time,the Qing Dynasty also gave the Joseon Dynasty special diplomatic courtesy in diplomacy.However,in the Koreans' views,the Manchus were still regarded as "Hu",a name which means "barbarian".Furthermore,the Hans under the domination of Manchus were also considered as "Hu".At the same time,the Joseon Dynasty was obsessed with the dying Ming Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty regarded itself as the successor of the Ming Dynasty,called "Little China".This stereotype created some interference in the intercultural communication between the Qing and the Joseon.Lack of objectivity regarding stereotypes may lead to a tendency toward"ethnocentrism" In Jehol Diary,on the issues of historical map disputes,historical records,and customs and habits,the author showed the limitations of looking at the problem from the perspective of Korean itself,which caused a tendency toward"ethnocentrism".Jehol Diary reflects the attitude of "cultural relativism",which is opposite to the perspective of "ethnocentrism".In the context of unfavorable stereotypes,Piao Zhiyuan was not totally influenced by stereotypes during the intercultural activities.He carefully observed and objectively recorded,and he made objective judgements and reflected prejudice against the Qing Dynasty.He also gave some advice regarding judgement and prejudice.Some problems of ethnocentrism written about by Piao Zhiyuan still exsist nowadays,and are affecting the relationship between China and the countries on Korean Peninsula,especially China and South Korea.The records of and opinions about these controversial events in Jehol Diary can play a preventive and warning role for Chinese-language teaching activities directed at Koreans.Before the teaching activities,intercultural communication training aimed at Koreans should be done.