On The Plural Forms Of Translated Versions Of Literary Works In The Wartime From The Perspective Of Freud's Personality Theory

The affinity between psychoanalysis and translation studies makes it feasible to apply relevant psychoanalytic theories into translation studies.A series of psychoanalytic theories put forward by Sigmund Freud,a famous Austrian psychiatrist,psychologist and the founder of psychoanalytic school,have had a major impact on later generations.According to Freud's personality theory,the personality structure consists of id,ego and superego,which correspond to the unconscious,the conscious and the preconscious respectively.As the subject of the translation process,the dynamic interaction among the translator's id,ego and superego will inevitably exert great influence on the decision-making of the translation method,resulting in a plural forms of translation.During the Anti-Japanese War,Chongqing,as the political and cultural center of wartime China,witnessed a great progress in the development of literary translations.Needless to say,the literary translation during the Anti-Japanese War has made an indelible contribution to the formation of the national united front and the victory of the war.However,due to various factors,Chongqing's translation activities failed to attract enough attention from scholars.In addition,given the special context of the War of Resistance against Japan,although the interference of mainstream ideology on literary translation is inevitable,the factors involved in the complex process of translation go far beyond this.Translators' personal and affective engagement with the translated text will also influence the final form of the translation.Based on this,this thesis takes the American literary work The Grapes of Wrath translated in 1941 as the research object and discusses the impact that Hu Zhongchi's tripartite personalities have had on the application of multiple translation methods in the translation of The Grapes of Wrath from the perspective of Freudian tripartite theory of personality structure.This thesis argues that under the special historical background of Anti-Japanese War,factors like the difficult living conditions,wartime mainstream ideology,the basic translation principles for the literary translation in that time,and Hu Zhongchi's patriotism as a translator and editor will have an impact on the formation of his personality.In the process of translating The Grapes of Wrath,Hu Zhongchi mainly adopted the following translation methods,including adaptation,domestication,explicitation and domestication.The author of this thesis holds that the dynamic interaction among Hu's tripartite personalities interferes with the adoption of multiple translation methods.To be more specific,controlled by Hu's id/ unconsciousness and for the purpose of seeking for pleasure,misreading of Steinbeck's original intentions is inevitable;governed by Hu's superego/ preconsciousness,Hu's superego guided him to take the adaptation and foreignization translation methods in order to closely abide by the prevailing ideology at that time and to introduce advanced philosophies of western culture;as the coordinator between the id and the superego,Hu's ego of being a translator urged him to comply with the “reality” which aimed to make the translation serve for the war and acceptable by the broad masses of soldiers and Chinese civilians,enabling him to adopt domestication and explicitation translation methods to render the text.This thesis interprets the singular translation phenomenon in a specific historical period from the perspective of psychoanalysis.On the one hand,it aims to arouse scholars' interests on Chongqing's translation activities during the wartime;on the other hand,it seeks to make contribution to the application of psychoanalytic theory into translation studies.