The Basic Education Thought And Practice Of The German Religious Reformers In 16^th Century

In the early 16th century,under the leadership of Martin Luther,Germany took the lead in the Reformation movement.The Reformation brought about many changes in politics,economy and culture.Because of the dissatisfaction with catholic control of education,and the promotion the development of the religious reform movement,religious reformer began to put forward the new education idea,and make the corresponding education practice,basic education thoughts and practice is an important part of it.The religious reformers were Martin Luther,Philip Melanchthon and Johannes Bugenhagen,all of whom made remarkable contributions to the thought and practice of basic education.Luther's conception of compulsory education and the idea of state management education promoted the secularization of education,while the emphasis on German teaching also promoted the development of German national consciousness.The hierarchical teaching and curriculum setting proposed by Melanchthon in the Instruction of the Visitors to the Pastors of Electoral Saxony became the blueprint for the later German states to make school system plans.As a humanist,Melanchthon also strongly advocated the development of humanistic courses,and he was also known as the "Praeceptor Germaniae".Bugenhagen was the successor of education thought of Luther and Melanchthon.He put the education thought of Luther and Melanchthon into the school construction,he founded the German schools and Lectorium,also developed the protestant Latin school,in the school,he has laid down the teachers'responsibility and benefits,provided reference for the later,he was also known as the"father" of the German national teaching.and he was called "the father of German national teaching".Thanks to their contributions,German basic education began to develop and gradually formed a sound mechanism.At the same time their thoughts and practical activities also have an impact on the development of basic education in European countries.