Experimental Study On Causal Reasoning Characteristics And Mechanism Of 3-6 Years Old Children Based On Abnormal Events

Causal cognition is the core and foundation of understanding the objective world.The development of children's causal cognition has received more and more attention from researchers and accumulated a large number of research results.However,most researchers in the study of children's causal cognition at home and abroad use experimental methods to explore the development of children's causal reasoning ability.Few people pay attention to the children's ability to understand the causal relationship mechanism involved in completing the causal reasoning task..In particular,there are fewer experimental studies from fruit to direction reasoning.Based on this,this study sets up three experiments to verify the child's experimental hypothesis of the developmental ability of understanding and understanding of the causal relationship mechanism involved in the causal reasoning task.The following conclusions are drawn:1.Experiment 1,children from kindergarten to large classes 3-6 years old need to judge the possibility of three unlikely event outcomes and three impossible event outcomes,and try to explain the reasons for these events.As a result,most of these children believe that the abnormal event outcomes we show are unlikely to occur,the interpretation of children aged 3-5 is close to no tendency,and the 5-6 children give an explanation with a clear natural tendency.Therefore,children aged 3-5 have the ability to understand the causal relationship mechanism.This understanding of children aged 5-6 can be significantly improved compared with children aged 3-5.2.Experiment 2 also allows children aged 3-6 to judge the possibility of the same three unlikely event outcomes and the results of the three impossible events,and they need to give an explanation.The chance of explanation increases from one to two times.We have once again found that most children think that the abnormal event outcome they see is impossible.And all children's explanations show a natural tendency,especially for children aged5-6.It is proved that children aged 3-5 have the ability to understand the mechanism of causality.This understanding of children aged 5-6 can be significantly improvedcompared with children aged 3-5.3.Experiment 3,on the basis of Experiment 2,replace the characters in the three unlikely events and the three impossible events with ordinary people into gods,and ask the children to give possibility judgments and possible causes of the events.It is still that most children think that the abnormal event outcome they see is impossible,even though the addition of the typical supernatural factors of the gods makes the children's interpretation more supernatural than the first and second experiments.However,all age groups maintain a level higher than 1(prone to supernatural),and do not violate the conclusions of Experiments 1 and 2,which proves that children aged 3-6 still have the ability to understand the causal relationship content mechanism.In summary,these data indicate that preschool children have developed awareness and understanding of certain causal content mechanisms at different ages.