Effect Of Temporal Orientation On Time Information Processing And Their Attention Bias

The self is a complex system.From the perspective of time,the self extends from the past to the present and develops into the future.People's appraisal of the past self,the present self and the future self is called time self-appraisal.In the past,the study of time self has reached a consistent conclusion.In comparison,people think that their present is better than the past and more optimistic about their future.The Perceived-time-based model believes that the individual differences in temporal self-cognition stem from the difference in perception of time,and the difference in perception of time is mainly reflected in the time orientation.Therefore,the individual's time orientation may be an important factor affecting time self-cognition.Based on this model,this study studies the characteristics of college students' time self-cognition from the perspective of time orientation,and discusses the influence of time orientation on time self-information processing and the attention bias of time words.This perspective provides new ideas for future research.There are two experiments in this study.Experiment 1 uses the self-referencing R/K paradigm to examine the characteristics of time self-appraisal of college students with different time orientations.The experiment uses 2(time orientation: past orientation,future orientation)*2(time self: past self,future self)*2(word valence: positive,negative)mixed experimental design,in which time orientation is the inter-subject variable,time self and word valence are the internal variables of the subject,and the dependent variable is the number of responses and the correct rate of recognition.In the second experiment,the attention detection task is used to further investigate the influence of time orientation on time self-related information processing.The mixed experiment design of 2(time orientation: past orientation,future orientation)*2(time words: past words,future words)is used.The time orientation is the inter-test variable,and the time word is the internal variable.The dependent variable indicator is the detection time and the correct rate.Through two experimental studies,the following conclusions were drawn:(1)Relative to the past self,subjects with different time orientations showed positive evaluation of the future self;(2)Relative to the future self,subjects with different time orientations showed more negative evaluations of past self;(3)Subjects with past time orientation have higher correct memory rate for past self words;(4)Subjects with future time orientation have higher correct memory rate for future self words;(5)Time orientation affects the attention bias of time information,that is,the subjects in the past time orientation responded to the past words shorter than the future words,and the subjects in the future time orientation responded to the future words shorter than the past words.