The Exploration And Application Of "Tension" And "Relaxation" In Zhongruan Performance

Zhongruan is an ancient plucked instrument in China.Compared with other Sino-national instruments,Zhongruan has a round and flexible tone and a wide range of timbre.It is often used as an accompaniment,ensemble and solo instrument in Sino-national bands.In the performance of Zhongruan,in order to accurately express the theme and emotion of the work,or even to create a second composition on this basis,not only needs the performer's proficiency in the work and skilled technical skills,but also involves the player's ability of understanding and controlling.Described as "Pipaxing" written by Juyi Bai in the Tang dynasty,"When playing at top speed,the sound is as dense as a heavy rain;When playing softly,it is as soft as whispering",the change of the speed,the strength of the ebb and flow is an important link to promote the development of work.The same is true in Zhongruan play,music in constantly intension and loose,tempestuous and smooth in the development of chapter,this is the "Tension" and "Relaxation",which gives a person with rich and exquisite aesthetic experience.At present,most of the domestic research on Zhongruan performance art focuses on the analysis of works and performance skills,but how to convey and express emotions in performance has not been discussed.Most of them still tend to attribute the performance ability of emotions in performance to a kind of talent,or "sense of music".Whether it is a series of parameters such as speed,strength and rhythm in the basic elements of the work,or playing skills such as being hit by bullets,dialing and sweeping,all contain a key link in the emotional interpretation of the work,namely "tension" and "relaxation".If we find out the changing rules and commonalities of each parameter according to the internal requirements of the music from those emotional performances,it is not difficult to find that "tension" and "relaxation" are the key to emotional expression,which can also be called the skillfulness of emotional expression.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand,explore and flexibly use the emotional expression methods and techniques of "tension" and "relaxation" in practice.With the method of interdisciplinary research,this paper combines theoretical analysis with case discussion,and probes into the "Tension" and "Relaxation" in Zhongruan performance from three aspects,namely,playing skills,music elements and playing state.Then,the practical application of "tension" and "Relaxation" in Zhongruan performance is discussed.Finally,Merleau-Ponty's "phenomenology of perception" innovatively proposed that players should cultivate their perception and set up their thinking in performance.It provides new ideas for the study of Zhongruan performance,helping Zhongruan players better understand the importance of "tension" and "Relaxation" in practice,expresses the emotion of the works,and improves the performance of zhongruan playing.