The Difference Of Physical Activity On Holding Biological Motion In Working Memory

Working memory on biological motion is a process of encoding,storing and extracting information of the whole movement of living objects in space through time continuous action.Working memory plays an important role in people's daily learning and social life.Proactive interference refers to the interference of previous learning and memory on subsequent learning and memory.It is found that proactive interference is an important factor leading to forgetting.And the existence of proactive interference significantly limits the level of working memory.In this study,two experiments were conducted to examine the differences in biological motion work memory and proactive interference during working memory in healthy adults with different physical activity.Experiment 1 used change detection task of working memory,and screened participants through International Physical Activity Scale.Participants were divided into high physical activity group and low physical activity group,and biological motion working memory of two groups was evaluated.The behavioral data and ERP data of the task were used to explore the characteristics of biological motion working memory processing with different physical activity.Results of experiment 1 found that response time and correct rate of two groups were significantly different.After back testing,it was found that response of high physical activity group was significantly lower than that of low physical activity group,and high physical activity group had a significantly higher correct rate.In high physical activity group,the N1 component of frontal area was induced when target stimulus appeared.After back testing,it was found that N1 component of high physical activity group was significantly higher than that of low physical activity group.This indicates that high physical activity group showed better processing in biological motion working memory task and provided more cognitive resources in coding stage.To study the processing characteristics of biological motion working memory further,experiment 2 used a classic task for studying proactive interference:recent probes task.The participants and material were the same as experiment 1.The behavior data and ERP data were recorded.Results of Experiment 2 found that there were significant differences in response time and correct rate between two groups.High physical activity group was significantly lower than low physical activity group under recent negative reaction condition.And correct rate was significantly higher than low physical activity group;Reaction condition of negative reaction condition was significantly higher than positive reaction condition,and correct rate was significantly lower than positive reaction condition.ERP results showed that under condition of recent negative reaction,both groups induced N2 and P3 component in frontal central region.After back testing,N2 and P3 amplitude of high physical activity group were significantly higher than low physical activity.Incubation period of the two components did not have a significant group main effect.It is indicated that high physical activity group provides more cognitive resources in resolution stage of target stimulation and elimination stage of proactive interference,but has no effect on target stimulation resolution and rate of proactive interference.Therefore,it is concluded that physical activity can effectively promote the improvement of biological motion working memory,and higher physical activity can eliminate the proactive interference in the process of biological motion work memory.The results can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the effects of exercise promotion of cognitive function,and also provide a methodological reference for exercise promote cognitive improvement of adults.