A Study Of Rural Elites’ Governance In The View Of Institution Change

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,more and more rural young and middle-aged labor force flows to the city,the rural resident population is decreasing,and the follow-up is the hollow of the governance talent,and the villagers’autonomy is difficult to push forward effectively.How to solve the governance problems facing the rural areas today,become hot issues in the current theory and practice.In recent years,the rural elites fever became a fashion in many place of our country,they try to use the functions of rural elites like villager moral example,educational power,political participation,dispute resolution,and let them participate in rural governance,to solve the difficulties faced by the current rural.,There are two forms of the rural elites’ governance,one is the traditional village gentry,rural elites’ governance,this form of governance is autonomy,but ruled out the majority of the bottom of the villagers involved,which is the village autonomy,not the villagers’autonomy;another one is,in contemporary society,in the context of the villagers self-government to participate in governance and play an important role,its accurate concept should be involved in the villagers self-government.This article refers to the village of rural governance village,refers to the second form,in order to facilitate the text,referred to as the rural elites’ governance.Rural elites,which has played an important role in the traditional rural social governance groups,after a long period of silence,once again returned to the public vision.But what kind of changes have occurred in rural elites and rural elites’ governance?What is the source of its change?By reviewing the process of the change of the village,it is the starting point of this study to reconstruct the village system and how to optimize the current rural governance.Convenience for writing,this article also referred the behavior of the rural elites anticipate in governance and play an important role as rural elites’ governance,but it’s different from the traditional rural gentries’ governance which excluded villagers’participation.Rural elites,the former plays an importance role in the traditional rural social governance group,after a long silence,return to the public eye again.However,what changes had been happened of rural elites and rural elites’ governance?And what is the cause of these changes?Through retrospective analysis the process of changes,what can we get from it which we need in rebuild rural elites’ governance system?Ans the above is the starting point of this article studies.This research focus rural elites’ governance,this paper used the method of combining the field investigation and literature research to collect the data include the history development of case follow villager and rural elites’ governance,and then use the North’s institutional change theory to analysis the data,and used the comparative method to research the difference of the rural elites’ governance in each period,from the perspective of diachronic throughout rural elites’ governance in the rural governance system change,from a synchronic perspective present situation and the difficulties of rural elites’governance,then analysis of rural knowledge,rituals,and mental construct the influence of informal institution to rural elites’ governance.At last put forward the reconstruction rural elites’ governance system of countermeasures,from the perspective of institution environment,institution stage,institution construction etc.In this paper,the main structure is divided into seven parts:The first part,that is,the introduction part.Mainly discusses the origin of this study,is proposed to solve the key problems,research status at home and abroad,the core concept definition,research methods.The second part,description of the case village survey.Through descriptive analysis,showing the basic situation of the case-Long village,and according to the history of rural elites’ governance in case village to devide historical phases.The third part,rural elites:ballast in super stable structure of traditional rural governance.In case village-Long village for the history of the development context,from the formal institution and informal constraints and institution implementation of three aspects to analyze the origin of rural elites’ governance,institutional basis and operation mechanism.Proposed the imperial county has no state official institution and the common role of informal constraints such as rural moral guarantee the effective operation of traditional rural elites’ governance system.The fourth part,change:deconstruction of rural elites’ governance in former collectivization period.Take Long village as an example,this paper introduces rural elites’governance mode after experienced a long-term and stable development of major change.The change of ideology,the change of rural elites’ relative prices,the change of our country’s cognition to rural elites’ governance and the change of the village social foundation for rural elites’ governance are the most important reasons to deconstruction of rural elites in traditional rural governance.The fifth part,replace:administration treats and problem in collectivization period.This part main to introduced:under the influence of rural new institutional arrangements and implementing,Long village rural elites had no formal institutional support also lost village social foundation,and then replaced by the village administration mode.And also points out that under the background of follow villager missing,only have played an important role in treats political village,and villages’ energy loss,rural farmers’ incentive to produce frustration,new problems have appeared such as lack of authority of rural culture,village original vitality gradually dispersed.The sixth part,the negation of negation:the efforts of rural elites’ governance systemreconstruction and trouble analysis.Mainly puts forward the new rural elites’ governance system idea,and used the ideas as framework to analyze long village’s efforts to reconstruct the rural elites’ governance system,and points out that the difficulties of reconstructing rural elites’ governance system.The seventh part,the conclusion and countermeasures part,through the analysis of former follow villager in the face of different periods of rural elites’ governance,it is concluded that rural elites’ governance is a good medicine for the rural governance and points out that appropriate institutional guarantee rural elites’ governance to implement.The last update from cognitive,platform building,four aspects of top-level design and ability training,how to cultivate the new time new follow villager and how to improve the system of new rural elites’ governance,put forward the countermeasures and Suggestions.Possible innovations of this article mainly has the following several aspects:(1)The research view.In recent years,the party and the state pay more and more attention to the role of traditional culture in social governance,rural ellites has also been a lot of media as a representative of the traditional culture and the local government’s attention.In this paper,rural elites and rural elites’ governance as the research object,through carding rural elites cure village’s development history,analysis to determine whether rural elites’ governance were significance,it is to improve the villagers’ autonomy,promoting the modernization of rural governance a meaningful attempt.(2)the research methods.In this paper,by way of case study,through long-term research obtain first-hand data,and the rural elites’ governance in case village,village has a full set of case description,the historical development of empirical material is very rich,compared with general cross section data analysis is a major innovation points.(3)Theoretical tools.The new institutional economics related theory,especially the North’s institutional change theory to rural elites cure village investigation,expand the research perspective of rural governance;In addition,the system analysis method is used in the study of rural governance,to a certain extent the study method in rural governance.In addition,this article also gave definition of rural elites in different period,in order to distinguish between traditional rural elites and new rural elites,and from the wilderness,morality,ability and willingness to four aspects to the new concept of follow villager made clear,are a good complement to previous studies rural elites.At the same time,this article also follow villager village of cure period for the division,follow villager is a meaningful attempt in the field of study.