Research On Legal Problems Of Navigation Safety For Unmanned Intelligent Ships-

With big data developing rapidly,unmanned intelligent ships have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad due to their significant advantages in safety,high efficiency and environmental protection.Research on commercial unmanned intelligent ship is in full swing in various countries.The birth of unmanned intelligent ship will completely change the shipping system based on manned ships and present challenges to a series of maritime conventions such as current ship safety and crew deployment.Clearing the legal challenges faced by unmanned intelligent ship in navigation safety is not only an inevitable requirement for the development of the times,but also an important measure for dealing with technological risks.This paper attempts to analyze the applicability of relevant international conventions for ensuring safety of navigation and on-shore remote-controller with unmanned intelligent ship,from the perspective of collision avoidance of ships to sort out the legal obstacles faced by unmanned intelligent ship in navigation safety and to make further recommendations.The body part includes five chapters.The first chapter summarizes the concept,technology and legal development status of unmanned intelligent ship.The preliminary definition of the object of this article is the unmanned intelligent ship that develops from shore-based support to fully autonomous navigation.The second chapter analyzes the applicability of the current maritime conventions to unmanned intelligent ship and their on-shore remote-controller from the perspective of legal status.The third chapter mainly analyzes the specific requirements of ship's seaworthiness from the two perspectives of "seaworthy" and "seaworthy of seafarers",and clarify that there requires a unified international standard to regulate unmanned intelligent ship about construction and inspection.The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the inapplicability of the "steering and sailing rules" of the COLREGS to unmanned intelligent ship.Chapter 5 briefly analyzes the responsibility of the unmanned intelligent ship after collision.Based on the above analysis,Chapter 6 makes the following recommendations:(1)clarify the legal nature and subject qualifications of the unmanned intelligent ship;(2)clarify the legal status and manning requirements of the on-shore remote-controller;(3)to amend the international conventions and rules governing the construction,design and equipment of ships,and(4)to amend or clarify the relevant non-compliant provisions of the COLREGS.