The IDEOLOGY THOUGHTS In Engels's Later Years And Its Value

Marx and Engels's ideology theory was produced in the process of analyzing social history,criticizing classical philosophy and the bourgeoisie's defendant theories,and frighting with the false social trends in the workers' movement.Before Marx's death,in the process of criticizing historical idealism and establishing the historical materialism,Marx and Engels had lay a foundation for the ideology theory within the framework of the historical materialism.In Engels's later years,to further illuminate the basic principle of historical materialism,clarify the misunderstanding about the ideology,and complement and develop the theory of ideology,Engels clearly defined the conception of ideology,explicated the dialectical relationship between the ideology and the economical foundation,discovered inherent law in the ideology domains-the ideologies are arranged in a hierarchy,and the ideology has its own relative independence and unbalance with the development of social economy,and indicated that the historical materialism is the methodology for the leaders of the labor movement and the proletarian theorists to eliminate the hypocritical ideology.In Engels's later years,the economical political and social conditions had been changed in some capitalist countries,which in turn brought the new chances and challenges for the labor movement and the development of the Socialist party:on one hand,the labor union was increasingly becoming an indispensable social organization in the capitalist society,the influence of socialist party expanded increasingly,and the power of the proletarian was strengthened gradually;on the other hand,the labor movement had been disturbed,puzzled,and divided seriously by some false social trends,including the right opportunism-Fabian Socialism,Ethical Socialism,Parliamentary Socialism and Chair Socialism,and the“left”adventurism-“the Youth”.Therefore,Engels fought firmly with all kinds of right opportunism and“left”adventurism in the ideology domains,analyzed the new changes in capitalism,criticized the false state theory and the strategy of proletarian revolution,defended the historical materialism,and clarified the slanders toward Capital.The ideology theory and ideological struggles in Engels's later years not only indicated the direction of international labor movement,defended and developed the Marxism,but also offered the valuable inspiration and theoretical guidance:firstly,scientificity is the source of the theory's persuasion;secondly,ideological work must stick to the principle of seeking truth from facts;thirdly,we must recognize the dialectical relationship between the unity and the struggle;fourthly,we should distinguish the fake socialism and the scientific socialism.