Research On Marine Environmental Protection Cooperation Under The Closed Or Semi-closed Sea System

Compared with open seas,closed or semi-closed seas restrict the communication between internal seawater and open ocean waters due to the relative closure of their seas.Therefore,the ability of seawater circulation to be renewed is weakened and the marine environment is more vulnerable.The highly concentrated population and inappropriate economic development methods have intensified the degradation of the marine environment in closed or semi-closed sea areas,and environmental problems have become increasingly serious.The mobility,transboundary and cumulative nature of marine environmental issues determine that the protection of the marine environment cannot reverse the overall situation on its own,and cooperation is an inevitable choice for coastal countries in closed or semiclosed seas.Based on the closed or semi-closed sea system,this paper explores the basis,necessity and feasibility of marine environmental protection cooperation in a special area of closed or semi-closed sea from different levels of theory and reality,and carefully analyzes the world.The successful marine environmental protection cooperation mode and cooperation mechanism in the three closed or semi-closed sea areas,and the useful lessons learned from the refining,in order to learn from the marine environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea region.In this paper,there are four chapters in the introduction and conclusion.The first chapter is the theoretical analysis of marine environmental protection cooperation under the closed or semi-closed sea system.This paper will start with the origin of the closed or semi-closed sea system and the origin of marine environmental problems.Then,using interdisciplinary research methods,from the perspective of international law and global governance theory,to find the theoretical basis of marine environmental protection cooperation under the closed or semi-closed sea system.The second chapter is the necessity and feasibility analysis of marine environmental protection cooperation under the closed or semi-closed sea system.This chapter is a relatively independent marine ecosystem formed from the perspective of reality,analyzing the special geographical features of closed or semi-closed seas,and points out the dual pressures of economic development and environmental protection faced by closed or semi-closed sea areas.And then analyze the constraints of the environmental protection of sovereign states in theclosed or semi-closed sea area in the cooperation of the sovereign state to strengthen the conflict with the freedom of the sea,the dilemma of collective action,and finally analyze the closed or semi-closed sea.Under the advantage of marine environmental protection cooperation under the system,the necessity and feasibility of marine environmental protection cooperation under the closed or semi-closed sea system will be finally obtained.The third chapter is the practice of marine environmental protection cooperation in the world's major closed or semi-closed sea areas.This section will focus on marine environmental protection cooperation in the North Sea-Northeast Atlantic,Baltic and Mediterranean regions,analyze the historical background and cooperation process of marine environmental protection cooperation in these three regions,and identify the advantages of these three regional cooperation models.The shortcomings and the lessons that China can learn from it have laid the foundation for the final chapter to improve the marine environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea region.The fourth chapter is the status quo and perfection of marine environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea region.A good article should have practical significance for China.The South China Sea is a typical closed or semi-closed sea,but the marine environmental protection cooperation in the South China Sea is not as good as the environmental protection cooperation in other closed or semi-closed seas in the world.There are political reasons,and there are also reasons for the lack of regional legal norms and cooperation mechanisms.Therefore,the final chapter will propose suggestions for improving the cooperation in marine environmental protection in the South China Sea under the closed or semi-closed sea system,including narrowing the scope of cooperation.Accelerate the cultivation of the cognitive community of marine environmental sciences in the South China Sea,form the legal system for cooperation in marine environmental protection in the South China Sea,improve the structure and system design of regional cooperation organizations,and give play to China's leading role in regional powers.