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Study On Emergency Evacuation Experiment And Simulation In Typical Area Of Campus Building Under Invisible Environment

Posted on:2019-05-13Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y L ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2416330572499988Subject:Logistics management
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With the rapid development of China's economy,the process of urbanization has been accelerating and high-rise buildings have increasingly sprung up.In case of emergencies such as fire,explosion and gas leakage,high population concentration areas like sports venues,shopping malls and office buildings will face huge casualties and property losses.When emergencies cause large-scale power outages in the building,the evacuation passageway light fell sharply,even completely invisible.Then the visual barrier will exacerbate the crunch and deepen the severity of the accident.Therefore,analyzing the characteristic of typical behavior in the process of personnel evacuation and efficiency factors will provide important reference guidance for the design of building and crowd control strategies by carrying out the invisible environment personnel emergency evacuation experiment in high-rise buildings and simulation study.In this paper,we firstly conducted emergency evacuation experiment under invisible environment in the typical regions of campus building and recorded the pedestrians evacuation process through the installed camera.Then we extracted the pedestrians path in the video from which we collected the experiment data by using video visual processing method.What's more,we obtained various pedestrian flow characteristic parameters from experiment data,such as the speed,density,flow.Finally,we simulated the process of the simple scenarios and complex sences in campus building by the modified social forces of the 3D model and studied the influence of different factors on the evacuation efficiency.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)We primarily designed a series of comparied experiments of the pedestrian evacuation in typical areas of campus buildings(classrooms,corridors and staircases)under normal and non-visual environments.Then the characteristic parameters such as typical behavior and evacuation time,speed and density were analyzed and made comparisons in the evacuation process.Eventually,the experimental results show that the evacuation time of pedestrians is short and the distribution is relatively concentrated,whereas the evacuation time is long and the distribution is relatively dispersed.Furthermore,in invisible situation and almost no obstacle corridor area,pedestrians have maximum speed in the process of evacuation.And people have smaller speed in desk and chair block areas of the classroom than in almost no obstacle corridor areas.However,in the region of the three dimensional stair,for fear of falling down,people have minimum speed;In the case of invisibility,the evacuation path of personnel is quite different from that of normal circumstances,and the personnel will use the desks or walls.(2)We improved the 3D social force model and simulated the evacuation under invisible conditions in typical campus areas(classrooms,hallways and the stairs).And we analyzed the impact of the room door width and stairs,corridor width width on evacuation efficiency.The results finally show that in the non-visual evacuation process,the crowding phenomenon mainly occurs in the transition zone between the two adjacent scenes and the t-shaped region of the horizontal and vertical channels in the classroom.What's more,reducing the number of evacuees and increasing the width of classroom doors can significantly improve evacuation efficiency,but increasing corridor and stair width may reduce evacuation efficiency.(3)We firstly carried out the simulation research on the single room one layer and multiple rooms one layer and multi-level classrooms,even more complex situations.Then,we analyzed the double parameters and the effect of its change on the whole evacuation efficiency.Finally,the simulation results show that When evacuating from single-level and double-classrooms,the influencing factors on the evacuation efficiency of the people are ranked according to the degree of importance:staircase width,classroom door width,and corridor width;when evacuating from a single-level multi-classroom,the influencing factors on the evacuation efficiency of the people are ranked according to their importance degree.Classroom doors are wide,stairs are wide,and corridors are wide;when evacuating from multi-level and multi-classrooms,the influencing factors on the evacuation efficiency of the people are,in order of importance,the width of the corridor,the width of the stairs,and the width of the classroom doors.
Keywords/Search Tags:Invisible environment, social force model, Evacuation experiment, Evacuation simulation, Evacuation efficiency
PDF Full Text Request
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