Research On The Influence Of Preferential Tax Policy On Public Welfare Donations

With the rapid development of our social economy,the national wealth is growing,and people's living standards continue to improve since the Reform and Open in 1978.But at the same time,the social income distribution gap is widening,the Gini coefficient increased to0.4760 in 2017.The third distribution,dominated by charitable donations,is a typical way of private supply of public goods,can effectively make up for market failure and government failure and adjust the income distribution gap.Since Wenchuan Earthquake happened in 2008,the public's attention and participation in charity have been continuously improved.However,based on historical reasons and China's economic and social development,there is still a large space for the public welfare philanthropy in China.With the promulgation and implementation of the charity law,the public awareness of the public welfare charity to strengthen the construction of laws and regulations as well as the fields increasingly perfect,our country's public welfare charity also entered the key stage of development.So learning how to perfect the public welfare donation tax preferential policies to protect the enterprise the enthusiasm of the public welfare donations and arouse their enthusiasm for donations,further promote the donation behavior of the enterprise,has the important practical significance.Based on the background and research significance,this thesis first introducesthe related concepts of enterprise public welfare donations,and then from the third distribution theory and limited government theory analyzes the theory basis of corporate charitable donation.Based on tax economics,analyzesfrom full deduction and limitation to deduct the influence mechanism of corporate donation,finding that improve the pre-tax deduction ratio can effectively motivate enterprises charitable giving.Secondly,from the perspective of the overall social situation,supply side and demand side,the current development status of China's public welfare donation is analyzed,and the preferential tax policies of China's tax law on enterprise public welfare donation in recent years are sorted out,mainly focusing on enterprise income tax.Through sorting out and analyzing,this paper points out the deficiencies of the current preferential tax policies for enterprises' public welfare donations,including the insufficient number of institutions allowing pre-tax deduction,the complicated application procedures for tax reduction and exemption,and the scattered and complicatedpolicy documents.Then,by using the sample data of Chinese listed companies from 2009 to2017,an econometric model was built to test the incentive effect of China's current preferential tax policies on enterprises' public welfare donations through empirical analysis.The empirical results show that corporate donation expenditure is positively correlated with the actual tax rate,net profit,which is consistent with the empirical study of most scholars.In addition,comparative analysis of the developed countries or developing countries in the charitable donation of preferential tax policies,from the tax system and tax collection and management of the two aspects of the summary of advanced experience for reference.Finally,combining theoretical analysis,empirical results and foreign experience for reference,this paper puts forward Suggestions on improving tax incentives for corporate public welfare donations from three aspects: standardizing the legal framework system of public welfare donations,improving the preferential tax policies for corporate public welfare donations and improving relevant supporting measures.