The Study On The Design And Construction Of The Sharing Mechanism About The Losses Of The Flood Catastrophe

According to historical records,natural disasters occur frequently in our country,and they are often severely damaged,and the disaster risks and losses are on the rise.In recent years,China has entered a multi-period of natural disasters and has suffered tremendous disasters such as extremely cold rain,snow,ice,earthquakes,mudslides,and floods,which seriously threaten China’s economic and social development.Once upon a time,the government was the main responsible person for disaster relief,and the society(residents and enterprises)had a relatively rigid expectation of the government.Thismindset and behavior of accustoming to relying on administrativemeasures to resolve disasters could easily neglect to prevent losses brought by disasters.At present,the sharing of disaster losses through the insurance market is far from universal,and it has not played its due role,and sharing of disaster losses through the securities market is nearly empty,which put the country’s finances at unprecedented pressure for disaster relief.Therefore,it is imperative to build a mechanism for apportioning the flood catastrophe losses,and the main line of which is that establishing a flood catastrophe compensation fund,the government is responsible for coordinating with all parties,all the parties work together closely,in which market mechanismplays a fundamental role.This paper takes the Yangtze River Basin flood catastrophe as a case,and takes risk management,disaster economics,insurance,institutional economics as the theoretical guidance,usesresearch methods such as normative analysis and empirical analysis,comparative analysis and comprehensive analysis,induction analysis and deductive analysis.,and then rationalizes the economic relations among the main bodies of the flood and catastrophic loss sharing in China,draws on the advanced experience of foreign flood catastrophic loss sharing,and analyzes the necessity and feasibility of constructing the flood and catastrophic loss sharing mechanism in China,designs the overall framework of China’s flood catastrophic loss sharing mechanism and outlines the implementation plan of the flood catastrophic loss sharing mechanism in the Yangtze River Basin.The content of this article is mainly divided into four aspects:First,this paper achieved lessons and inspirations for constructing China’s flood catastrophic loss sharing mechanismby introducing the experiences of different models of flood disaster loss sharing abroad.Second,the necessity and feasibility of constructing a flood catastrophic loss sharing mechanism in China is analyzedbased on the situation and characteristics of China’s flood disaster losses.Third,the paper designs the overall framework of the flood and catastrophic loss sharingmechanism from the three principles of government coordination,government and market collaboration,and highlighting the role of the market,and constructs target model of flood catastrophic losses sharing from the four elements of participating entities,responsibility boundaries,specialized technologies,and financing tools,which can combine the integration points,entry points,focus points,and focus points of the flood catastrophe loss sharing.Fourth,the planning of operation flow of the floodcatastrophe loss sharing in the Yangtze River Basin is designed from the principles of construction,key elements,financing system,and the main responsibility of each shareholder.The operating system(management organization,account setup,fund source,income distribution,and loss commitment)of the flood disaster catastrophe compensation fund,which is the core of the flood catastrophic loss allocation mechanismwas also elaborated.