On Marx's Concept Of Freedom And Its Enlightenment To The Contemporary World

In Marxist philosophy,the theory of freedom plays an significant role.Based on historical materialism,Marx explored the freedom from the perspective of human social practice and developed an ideological system with rich connotations and complete theories.On the one hand,Marx was in an age,in an era where the capitalist mode of production has been developed considerably in Western Europe.While scientific and technological progress promoted the tremendous development of productive forces,human alienation intensified,and the unfreedom was unprecedentedly deepened.On the basis of the times and social reality,as well as criticism and absorbing of the ancient Greek and German classical philosophies,Marx profoundly exposed the essence of capitalist exploitation and further revealed that to emancipate all mankind was actually to enable everyone to develop freely and then to build a “community of freely associated individuals”.On the other hand,Marx also affirmed the outstanding contribution of the bourgeoisie—promoting the great development of social productive forces and creating diversified social wealth,which provided the basis and possibility for the realization of full freedom of mankind.He emphasized that the achievement of true freedom definitely needed to be based on an society with extremely diversified materials,by which revealing the necessity of vigorously developing productive forces.Furthermore,he expounded the positive significance of practice and proposed his theory of the relationship between individual freedom and social freedom while denying the Western liberalism.In general,exploring and applying Marx's theories of freedom can help to correctly understand the purposes and results of freedom and to apply them to the construction of China's socialist road with Chinese characteristics in the new era.The article is divided into four chapters.The first chapter expounds the origination and background of Marx's ideology of freedom.Such thoughts mainly originated from two theories,the freedom theory of ancient Greece and classical German philosophy.While criticizing and applying,Marx combined with facts of the alienation of people in the era of capitalism and of the continuous development of the labor movement and developed his own theories.The second chapter discusses the rich connotations of Marx's ideology of freedom from four aspects: the relationship between material and freedom,the social form for building a "community of freely associated individuals",the relationship between practice and freedom,and the relationship between individual freedom and social freedom.The third chapter focuses on the transcendence of Marx's freedom over the previous thoughts,thus reflecting the superiority in its times.By analyzing Marx's transformation during development of his own theory of freedom,this part emphasizes that it surpassed the Western ideology of freedom in politics,economy,and values.The forth chapter focuses on its enlightenment to contemporary development,including the necessity to apply new philosophies in the development in the new era to improve productivity and provide abundant material for the development of freedom;the necessity to publicize the conception of "community of freely associated individuals" to help people identify and be alert to Western liberalism;the necessity to combine the China's specific national conditions and integrate the wisdom of Chinese classic liberalism to build a Marxist theory of freedom with Chinese characteristics;and the guidance it provides for the promotion and cultivation of current core socialist values.In summary,the study of Marx's theories of freedom helps to provide China with ideas and concepts that are compatible with the current development.The exploration of Marx's thoughts can help to draw on scientific theories of freedom to guide the further development in China and to stimulate the enthusiasm of Chinese people in practice to have a better life,so as to promote the development of our society.By drawing on the achievements and experience gained from the combination of socialism with Chinese characteristics and Marx's ideology of freedom,the author tries to provide an effective Chinese solution for the development of all mankind.The road of free development that China seeks in the new era needs to be guided by Marx's freedom to develop China in a free society and realize further freedom during development.