Japan's Diplomatic Negotiations With The South Korea On "Korean Resident In Japan" (1951 ~ 1965)

In World War II,Japan was defeated,and the Korean peninsula ushered in liberation.Among the 2 million Koreans who had emigrated to Japan before the war,a large number of people began to return to the Korean Peninsula,while about 650,000 people remained in Japan.For a period of time after the war,the Koreans in Japan were staying without a clear nationality and they did not obtain the residence status.And furthermore,there are no diplomatic relations between Japan and South Korea at this time.Therefore,the legal status of the Koreans in Japan to decide whether to leave or stay in Japan has become an important topic of the talks between Japan and South Korea.The negotiations between Japan and South Korea about Korean residents in Japan actually reached a general agreement on the issues of their nationality,residency,return of baggage,application of mandatory repatriation clauses and treatment in the preparatory conference and the first Japan-South Korea conference.A draft agreement was drawn up,but because of South Korea was unwilling to sign a separate agreement on the issue of Korean residents in Japan,lead to the issues being not resolved before the " Treaty of Peace with Japan" came into force.After the " Treaty of Peace with Japan" came into effect,the Japanese government denied the Koreans' Japanese nationality as planned,and applied the Immigration Management Order to Koreans in Japan.Meanwhile,the Japanese government immediately began to repatriate some Koreans in accordance with the compulsory repatriation clause stipulated in Article 24 of the Immigration Control Order.The Japanese government 's arbitrary actions without reaching an agreement have added many difficulties to the successful negotiation between the two countries.Moreover,the Japanese government's sending this Koreans to North Korea has slowed the progress of the talks.In the 1960 s,the south Korean government was forced by public opinion to seek a compromise way to quickly reach the talks between Japan and South Korea.The positive policy of the Sato Eisaku's cabinet toward South Korea led to the return of the two sides back to the table.Negotiations on the issue of Koreans in Japan at this stage have stabilized,leaving aside the various conditions of the previous stage,and returning to the issue itself.Therefore,agreement was quickly reached on the granting of the right of permanent residence and forced repatriation,but the range of granting permanent residence was still controversial.