| Higher education,the education's pointed pyramid,is highly related to the future of the country and the nation.To some extent,the higher education depends on its investment efficiency.In this thesis,we analyzed the spatial gap and influencing factors of higher education investment efficiency based on the relevant data in 31 provinces(including autonomous regions and municipality directly under the central government)from 2003 to2014.Firstly,we selected the number of staff,fixed assets and education funds as input indexes,using the number of enrolled students,graduates,and topics of research and experimental development as output indicators.The differences in the investment efficiency between regions were preliminarily studied by using the super efficiency of SBM model to measure the investment efficiency.Secondly,the spatial disparity was divided into regional differences and the differences between regions by the Dagum gini coefficient decomposition method.The spatial differences within regions,between regions,and the contribution of variable density to the spatial differences were studied.Lastly,seven factors have been chosen as explanatory variables of investment efficiency,just as resident consumption level(RCL),regional economic development level(RGDP)and local financial capacity(LFF),service industry development level(SDL),foreign trade dependence(FTD),the construction scale(UIS)and the scale of higher education student(NSP).Spatial econometrical model has been utilized in order to study the influencing factors of higher education investment efficiency.The results are shown as followings.Firstly,the results showed obvious differences in higher education investment efficiency among the 31 provinces in the period of investigation.Among them,Shanghai showed the highest efficiency of 1.0162,while Tibet showed the lowest efficiency of only 0.3719.We also found that provinces with relatively higher efficiency are mainly distributed in the eastern regions which are developed,whereas their lower-efficiency counterparts are mostly spread in the developing western regions.Secondly,from the year of 2003 to 2014,there is an overall decreasing trend of the spatial difference.Specifically,the differences in certain regions were shrinking,butthe differences were relatively larger in western regions compared to that in the eastern and middle regions;The overall difference between regions was also reduced,while the gap between western and eastern was relatively larger than that between eastern and middle regions,and between middle and western regions.In terms of the space gap source and contribution,the super variable density works as the main reason.Thirdly,there was a significant positive spatial association between the efficiencies,so it is more suitable to investigate using the spatial Durbin bidirectional fixed effect model.From the estimated results of the model,RCL,RGDP and LFF(among the 7 explanatory variables)had significant effects on the efficiency in local areas,while RCL and RGDP had influences in adjacent areas.From the estimated results of direct and indirect effects,RGDP and LFF had significant direct effects and only RCL had spatial spillover effect.Finally,based on the results of this study,we made a conclusion,proposed relevant policy suggestions,and predict the future of research direction and the development of higher education. |
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