Study On The Schema Representation And Situation Representation Of Mathematical Application Questions By Primary School Students

The education of elementary school mathematics should pay more attention to the ability of students to solve problems by using mathematical knowledge,that is,the ability to solve arithmetic word problem.For the arithmetic word problem,problem representation is the key link.Therefore,in order to investigate the Character:istics of problem representation and its relationship with mathematics scores of the fourth to sixth grade primary school students,based on the existing research,this study divides the representation schema representation and situation representation through different types of topics.Study 1 studies the behavioral characteristics of schema representation and situation representation through oral report from students,and confirms the scoring rules of scores;then the study 2 conducted a controlled operation test for pupils in grades four to six,with the aim of examining the development and trends of the two representations of the three grade students,and comparing the differences in the geometric and algebraic questions.The study 3 examined the relationship between these two representations and mathematics scores for three grade students.The results show that:1.The results of oral report indicate that the schema representation and situation representation of primary school students will show different behavioral characteristics,and the scores of these two representations can be obtained by designing different types of topics.2.The study of controlled operation method found that the development trend of students' schema representation and situation representation is inconsistent.The schema representat:ion develops rapidly from the fourth grade to the fifth grade;however,the situation representation is faster from the fifth grade to the sixth grade.Compared to schema representation,situation representation is less affected by forgetting,and once learned,it is difficult to forget.3.The difference between the schema representation and the situation representation of the fifth grade students in geometric problem is greater than the algebraic problem.The reason may be that students have different methods in learning algebra and geometry.4.There are differences in the relationship between the two representations and mathematics scores in different grades.In the fourth grade,situation representation rather than schema representation has a greater relationship with mathematics scores.In contrast,In the fifth and sixth grades,the relationship between schema representation and mathematics scores is greater,suggesting that students should attach importance to different representations in different periods in order to improve their performance.