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A Study Of Investigation And Cultivation Of Primary School Students' Scientific Thinking Ability

Posted on:2020-08-11Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:H WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2417330599457309Subject:Curriculum and pedagogy
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In order to effectively meet the requirements of social development in the 21 st century for talent cultivation,countries and organizations have re-positioned the goal of talent cultivation and condensed the key competence of talent in the 21 st century.Curricula serve as an important carrier for the education system to achieve its educational objectives.The cultivation of students' key competence should ultimately lies in the cultivation of the key competence of discipline.As a significant part of the key competence of science discipline in primary school,the new round of curriculum reform has put forward requirements for the cultivation of primary school students' scientific thinking.How to further cultivate primary school students' scientific thinking through classroom teaching during this critical period of developing scientific thinking?The scientific thinking of primary and secondary school students has been extensively studied abroad,but the domestic research started relatively late.There are few studies on primary school students' scientific thinking ability,and the specific studies on the cultivation of primary school students' scientific thinking are still slightly insufficient.What is the level of primary school students' scientific thinking ability? Can scientific writing cultivate primary school students' scientific thinking? This study,according to the research questions,is mainly divided into three parts.The research process and conclusions are as follows:Research one: the creation of evaluation tool for primary school students' scientific thinking.On the premise of fully understanding the connotation of scientific thinking,based on the existing evaluation tool of scientific thinking,this study explores the deeper meaning of scientific thinking through existing literature,combines the conceptual and procedural nature of scientific thinking,and constructs the scale from two aspects: the understanding of the nature of science and the application of experimental strategies.After revision a scientific thinking scale of 13 questions was finally formed.The test paper's reliability coefficient ? is 0.638,indicating that the reliability of the test paper is within the acceptable range.These 13 test questions can better reflect the test requirements of primary school students' scientific thinking ability.Research two: the survey on primary school students' scientific thinking ability.In this study,261 pupils from grade 3 to grade 5 of a primary school in Chongqing were selected for a 40-minute paper-and-pen test,and the scores and statistics were performed in a three-level scale(0,1,2).The results are as follows.(1)The differences of scientific thinking ability in the factor of grade are analyzed.Except for the few difference of "understanding ability" of students in grade four and grade five,there are significant differences in the "total ability","understanding ability" and "experimental ability" of students in grade three,grade four and grade five.Primary school students' scientific thinking ability shows a general trend of development and improvement from grade three to grade five,and their abilities in this test develop from the lower,intermediate to the higher level.But the development of scientific thinking of students in grade four and grade five is slower than those in grade three and grade four.(2)The differences of scientific thinking ability in gender factors are analyzed.There is no obvious difference in the performance of different genders at different levels of ability,and there is no significant difference in primary school students' scientific thinking ability in gender factors.(3)The correlation between "understanding ability" and "experimental ability" is analyzed.The scores of comprehension part,experiment part and the whole are very close,fluctuating in a small range of 66%-68%.There is a great correlation between comprehension ability and experimental ability.Research Three: the cultivation of primary school students' scientific thinking ability.On the basis of relevant theories and researches,this study theoretically discusses the value and significance of scientific writing as a teaching intervention,and compiles a form of scientific writing combining with the content of science teaching in the grade three.Thereafter,two classes in Grade three taught by the same science teacher are selected as the experimental group and the control group for the study.On the basis of constructivism learning theory,the experimental group combines with the science curriculum teaching of the class to conduct scientific writing;the control group is taught in the traditional way.Both the experimental group and the control group are pre-and post-tested,and the data are statistically analyzed by SPSS software.The results are as follows:(1)There is no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in the control group,but there is a significant difference between those in the experimental group,which means scientific writing plays a certain role in promoting the development of primary school students' scientific thinking(there is no significant difference between the pre-test in the two group).(2)The development of "total ability" and "experimental ability" in the experimental group is significant,and "comprehension ability" is improved to a certain extent,but comparing with the pre-test there is no significant difference.(3)The development of scientific thinking ability of experimental group mainly manifests in the development of ability level from low to middle and high.(4)There is no significant difference in gender factors in the promotion of scientific writing to the development of primary school students' scientific thinking.There are still some limitations in this study.Firstly,the sample of this study comes from a primary school of Chongqing urban area.In order to improve the reliability of the research results,the sample size should be increased on the premise of ensuring the diversity and the class periods should be extended over.Secondly,the research results of primary school students' scientific thinking ability are mainly concentrated abroad,which makes some terminology of this study and the understanding of the connotation of the study may need to be improved.
Keywords/Search Tags:scientific thinking, scientific reasoning, scientific writing
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