Research On The Problems Existing In The Operation Of Three University Student Loan Models

University Student Loan have helped many students from poor families finishing their studies and played an important role in interrupting the intergenerational transmission of poverty.The study on the model of state financial aid in colleges and universities not only conforms to the development trend of international education finance,but also promotes the practical demand of poverty alleviation through education,which has important theoretical significance and practical valueThis paper studies the problems in the operation of University Student Loan Model,mainly from the following aspects:First,as far as Banks are concerned,what is the default rate of different Student Loan Models?It is in the immediate interest of the Banks.Secondly,as far as colleges and county financial aid centers are concerned,how much manpower,material resources and financial resources should be spent to guarantee loan recovery under different Student Loan Modes?Thirdly,as far as the government and students are concerned,do student loans meet the loan demand of students from poor families?That is,what is the coverage and targeting degree of the current University Student Loan Model?This study mainly adopts the method of mixed research.To be specific,the author measured the default rate,management cost,coverage rate and targeting degree of different student loan models by using student loan management data and multiple sets of research data.Based on field investigation,this paper analyzes the operation mechanism of different Student Loan Models.The study found that,in terms of default rate,China Development Bank(CDB)Student Origin Model has the lowest default rate,Henan model has the second highest default rate,and colleges and universities model has the highest default rate.The default rate is closely related to the management cost.In terms of management cost,the management cost of China Development Bank Student Origin Model is higher than the ministry of Higher education model and the Henan model,especially in areas with small loan issuance volume.The reason is that under the pressure of China Development Bank,the management cost of the Student Origin Mode of CDB is lowered from the bank to the county student financial aid management center,which bears a large number of explicit and implicit costs.In terms of coverage and targeting degree,some provinces in the CDB student origin model have low coverage rate and may be reluctant to lend.In the Ministerial College Model and Henan model,private and vocational colleges are reluctant to lend to a certain extent.The existing student loan model has a certain distance from the policy goal of precise financing.Based on the above research conclusions,two suggestions are proposed:First,introduce the market competition mechanism of Student Loan,let more commercial Banks participate in it,and break the situation that the National Development Bank is the dominant bank.Second,the management right of the student loan model of CDB will be returned to universities.Of course,relevant supporting measures should be taken to prevent the student loan default rate from rebounding.