Study On Receiving Method Of Array Antenna For OAM Electromagnetic Vortex Wave In Wireless Communication System

With the advent of the 5G era,the popularity of intelligent terminals,the rapid development of the Internet and the Internet of things,people's demand for higher rate communication makes people's demand for channel capacity increasing,multiple modulation,coding and antenna technology are applied.The frequency utilization rate of the present phase is close to the Shannon formula limit.Orbital angular momentum(OAM)can be multiplexed at the same frequency point,and effectively improves the channel capacity and spectrum utilization.It has become a hot topic in the field of communication.Due to the special spiral phase structure of the orbital angular momentum(OAM),the electromagnetic vortex waves of different modes and mutually orthogonal can be formed on the basis of the difference of the phase wavefront.The OAM electromagnetic vortex wave can provide a new multiplexing dimension.Under the same frequency,different modes of electromagnetic vortex wave are used to carry multiple signals.It can increase the channel capacity and spectrum utilization to meet the future communication needs without increasing the bandwidth.Theoretically,the mode of OAM electromagnetic vortex wave can have infinite number,and its application potential is enormous.The method of receiving OAM electromagnetic vortex wave by array antenna is studied in this paper.Due to the central cavity and beam diffusion of the OAM electromagnetic vortex wave,the size of the anteuna is very large in the ideal receiving area,which will restrict the application of OAM electromagnetic vortex wave to the long distance transmission.In this paper,it is proposed to compress the array element of circular array antenna in a section of arc.By receiving only a part of the signal to achieve the goal of signal receiving and demultiplexing,it can effectively reduce the physical size of the antenna.At the same time,the simulation of circular array antenna and arc array antenna is carried out and the influence of the unideal factors of channel and antenna installation on the quality of signal receiving is analyzed.In order to improve the quality of communication,the idea of diversity gain is applied to the reception of OAM signal in order to improve the communication quality.Finally,this paper summarizes the future research of OAM electromagnetic vortex wave applied in wireless communication.