Research On Beam Scanning Technology Of Millimeter Wave Large Scale Array Antenna

With the rapid development of the Internet era,the demand for high-speed data transmission services and ubiquitous communication is showing a spurt of growth,and the demand for fast,secure and reliable wireless communication is also increasing.The 4G network technology which currently used can only bring about a transmission rate of approximately 100 Mbps,and the 100-megabit communication service can not meet the needs of future mobile communication.As a result,future fifth-generation mobile communication technology(5G)researchers are paying their attention to the millimeter-wave band that is still not authorized.The high capacity and high transmission quality of millimeter wave communication will surely show its talents in 5G.Although the millimeter wave technology has many advantages,the increase of the path loss is inevitable due to the increase of its frequency,and the large-scale array antenna technology can effectively improve the spectral efficiency and make up for some similar path loss of the millimeter wave itself.Therefore,this paper mainly studies and analyzes the beam scanning technology in millimeter-wave large-scale array antennas,and combines theoretical derivation with Matlab simulation to achieve a high yield and high efficiency for millimeter-wave large-scale array antennas.Beam scanning algorithm.Here is the specific work content:(1)The technical background of millimeter-wave large-scale array antenna,the research status at home and abroad,and the basic principles of signal model,channel model,array response vector and beam response are analyzed in this paper.(2)Codebook design and implementation.The 3c codebook design scheme,N-phase codebook design scheme and DFT codebook design scheme are analyzed.It is found through simulation that in the case of the same array element beam number,the DFT codebook has no gain or loss,the N-phase codebook is for 0.2dB gain loss.,and the 3c codebook is for 1dB.(3)The optimal relationship between the number of array antennas and the number of beams is demonstrated.By comparing 2 array elements to generate 2 beams,2 array elements to generate 4 beams,4 array elements to generate 4 beams,and 4 array elements to generate 8 beams of maximum gain loss,it is concluded that it is optimal when the number of beams is 2 times as much as the number of array elements,and the maximum Gain loss is less than 1dB.(4)Beam scanning optimization and implementation.The exhaustive scanning algorithm,two-stage scanning algorithm,adaptive sector scanning algorithm and binary scanning algorithm are analyzed.The beam rotation technology is used to optimize the exhaustive scanning algorithm and the binary scanning algorithm,which solves the problem of low gain at the beam boundary.The exhaustive scanning gain is increased from 23dB to 36dB and The binary scanning gain is increased from 26dB to 46dB.(5)Beam tracking mode and implementation.The Kalman filter tracking algorithm and the extended Kalman filter tracking algorithm are analyzed.The simulation realizes the tracking of users 10 km away,and the average error is only about 3 meters.It further discusses the important of beam scanning in the millimeter wave large-scale array antenna system.