Three Dimensional Imaging Technology Based On Orthogonal-aperture SAR

As an important remote sensing imaging technology,Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)has the advantages of all-day,all-weather and long-range imaging,and has been widely used in terrain mapping,target detection and identification,natural disaster monitoring and other military and national economic fields.However,SAR can only obtain 2D images of the scene and cannot meet the increasingly high image requirements of accuracy and richness.InSAR uses the phase difference of SAR data to extract the elevation information of the ground target and reconstruct the DEM of the scene,but lacks the resolution in height dimension and can only be used for height measurement.3D SAR overcomes the deficiencies of SAR and InSAR and is able to obtain the 3D information of the scene and get the stereo image of the target.3D SAR shows huge potentialities in applications and has broad prospects.However,there are still many problems in 3D SAR field such as complex imaging mode,high costs and difficulties in data processing.Aiming the problems,this dissertation proposes a 3D imaging technology based on orthogonal-aperture SAR.The main contents and innovation are summarized as follows:1.A 3D imaging mode based on orthogonal-aperture SAR is proposed.The SAR sensor forms synthetic apertures by moving along orthogonal tracks to obtain the resolution in height dimension and reconstruct the 3D distribution of the target scene.The imaging mode is relatively simple and effectively reduces the difficulty of 3D imaging and the mapping costs.2.Research on the algorithm of 3D imaging based on orthogonal-aperture SAR.The algorithm reconstructs the 3D scatterer distribution by extracting the relative position information of the points in the overlapped area of the two orthogonal apertures,and combining the imaging parameters and the imaging geometry.Compared with other 3D SAR technologies,the algorithm has the characteristics of small computation and simple imaging process,which satisfies the requirements of high efficiency and fast imaging in engineering field,and has good application prospects.3.Experiments of the 3D imaging theory using ground-based arc SAR.In this thesis,we design and build an experimental platform based on groundbased arc SAR and carried out a series of experiments to validate the theory of 3D imaging technology based on orthogonal-aperture SAR.