| In order to obtain cheap labor force,seize the market,and obtain abundant natural resources,many multinational companies actively participate in the OFDI activities.Early OFDI is more common in developed countries,because compared with enterprises in developing countries,enterprises in developed countries have more technological advantages and are more likely to achieve the purpose of market development and profit maximization,while enterprises in developing countries tend to be more passive.However,with the development of economic globalization,the relationship between countries is increasingly strengthened,and scientific and technological progress plays an increasingly important role in the improvement of the comprehensive national strength of a country,as well as in the development of enterprises.Therefore,reverse technology spillover through OFDI has become an important way for OFDI enterprises in many developing countries to acquire advanced technologies.As far as China is concerned,the Chinese government attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation,and enterprises also attach great importance to their own technological progress.However,due to the protection of their leading technologies by overseas countries,it is difficult for Chinese enterprises to learn from each other's advanced technologies.Therefore,following the development of economic globalization since the reform and opening up,China has promoted its enterprises to "go global" and encouraged Chinese enterprises to make foreign direct investment to acquire advanced technologies.In order to realize reverse technology spillover,OFDI enterprises need to consider many influencing factors,such as their own level of research and development,talent flow management,investment choice,etc.,which will affect therealization and final effect of reverse technology spillover.This paper makes an in-depth study on the important factors affecting Huawei's reverse technology spillover,and tries to provide Suggestions for China's OFDI enterprises to realize reverse technology spillover from the perspective of enterprises.Since its establishment in 1987,Huawei has always attached great importance to technological innovation and realized technological progress through independent research and development and acquisition of reverse technology.It has gradually developed from a small company into a global leading telecommunications giant.Therefore,Huawei's way of acquiring reverse technology in each stage is worth learning from China's OFDI enterprises.The analysis of the factors affecting Huawei's reverse technology spillover is conducive to the further improvement of China's OFDI enterprises.This article first introduces the developing course of Huawei and the development of foreign direct investment reverse technology overflow with the status quo,and then at the enterprise level of the various factors influencing the Huawei company reverse technology overflow through case analysis,according to the Huawei facing internal strengths and weaknesses,external opportunities and challenges in micro and macro level corresponding Suggestions are given.After research and analysis,the enterprise to realize the reverse technology overflow,establish contact with the foreign advanced enterprise,implementation,technology transfer,technology of overflow back to learn to absorb the three links is indispensable,and the corresponding mode of investment,talent flow,independent research and development ability became influence Chinese ODFI enterprise implement reverse technology overflow is the most important factors.In addition to these three factors,Huawei's advantages and disadvantages,as well as the external opportunities and challenges it faces,are also what many OFDI enterprises in China should pay attention to and face.This paper mainly analyzes the following factors:(1)Internal advantages: Huawei's flexible investment mode,efficient talent flow,strong research and development capability,good overseas brand effect and extensive strategic partnership have promoted Huawei's reverse technology spillover to different degrees.(2)Internal disadvantages: a series of disadvantages caused by Huawei's non-listing policy,as well as some deficiencies in human resource management,inhibit the development of Huawei's reverse technology spillover strategy to a certain extent.(3)External opportunities: current positive national policies and the trend of rapid improvement of world technology level create opportunities for Huawei to realize reverse technology spillover.(4)External challenges: intensified competition in the same industry and persistent localization risks have become challenges that Huawei has to pay attention to on the way to realize the reverse technology spillover.This paper holds that if China's OFDI enterprises want to realize reverse technology spillover and achieve good results,they need to learn from Huawei's successful experience,and the government and the company should make joint efforts to promote the occurrence of reverse technology spillover.This paper mainly puts forward the following Suggestions:(1)At the micro level: enterprises should optimize the talent management mechanism,correctly select investment objects,flexibly choose investment methods,and improve their independent research and development capabilities.(2)At the macro level: the government should improve the relevant policy system,laws and regulations,improve the professional service capacity and increase r&d investment.Scientific and technological innovation can significantly enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and play an extremely important role in promoting the improvement of comprehensive national strength.Obtaining reverse technology spillover from OFDI is of great significance to the technological progress and improvement of the technological level of Chinese enterprises.China's OFDI enterprises should give play to their advantages,avoid disadvantages,seize opportunities,face challenges bravely and make continuous progress on the road to realizing reverse technology spillover. |
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