Research On Distribution Optimization Of Urban Electric Logistics Vehicle Based On Differentiated Charging

With the development of e-commerce and the escalation of people's consumption patterns,the volume of urban logistics in China has soared.As the main carrier of urban distribution,the number of automobiles will inevitably increase,leading to a series of cities problem such as traffic congestion,air pollution,and noise pollution.The electric logistics vehicle has the advantages of low energy consumption,small pollution.It has a positive role in solving the problems brought about by urban distribution.However,the current technology of electric vehicle logistics is not yet mature,and there are problems such as limited mileage and long charging time.In the current urban distribution,without considering midway charging,due to the limited power and the anxiety of the distribution personnel,it is difficult to send vehicles for many times,resulting in a low use rate of vehicles and waste of corporate distribution resources.Therefore,it is particularly important for electric vehicle logistics companies to use scientific methods to formulate reasonable distribution routes and charging strategies,and to implement multiple vehicle dispatches to solve the problem of insufficient mileage,long charging time,and low vehicle usage rate.In view of this,this paper combines the scientific research topics involved,the theory with the actual situation,and conducts in-depth research on the optimization of the distribution path of the city's electric logistics vehicle.The main tasks are as follows:(1)Analysis on Application Environment of Beijing Electric Logistics Vehicles.This article analyzes the current situation of the policy and application of electric vehicle in Beijing deeply,expounds the construction and service of charging infrastructure,puts forward the problems in the development of electric logistics vehicle,summarizes the necessity of the application of electric vehicle in Beijing,lays a solid foundation for the model establishment.(2)Construction and Solution of EVRP-PR.Starting from the economic benefits of logistics enterprises,taking the electric vehicle as the background and combining the problems existing in the urban distribution of the electric logistics vehicle,taking into account the constraints of power,load,and customer time window,the EVRP-PR Model with the lowest total cost of distribution is constructed.Secondly,according to the characteristics of the model,an insertion heuristic algorithm suitable for this model is designed,which effectively avoids the unreasonable situation of multiple continuous charging points in the distribution path.Finally,in order to improve the efficiency of the model,the feasible solution obtained by inserting the heuristic algorithm is used as the initial population of the genetic algorithm,and the global search and optimization are performed using the method of segmented chromosome hybrid coding.(3)Practical application of models.Relying on the data provided by A logistics company to conduct case studies,the model established in this paper is applied to practical problems.By comparing the distribution path under the full-charge and partial-charge strategies,it was verified that part of the charging strategy can not only improve customer satisfaction,reduce distribution costs,and improve the economic efficiency of logistics and distribution companies,but also solves the problems of insufficient electric cruising range,long charging time,and unreasonable resource utilization,and promotes the promotion and application of electric logistics vehicles in urban distribution.