Research On Accounting Treatment Of Carbon Emission Rights In China

With the rapid economic development,the ecological environment has drawn increasing attention,the problem of resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions has become increasingly serious,and the emergence of carbon emissions trading has effectively promoted the energy conservation and emission reduction process.At present,China's accounting standards in the absence of clear provisions on carbon emissions accounting treatment,companies involved in carbon emissions trading are a lot of randomness during the accounting treatment.As a result,accounting information is not comparable,which is not conducive to the improvement of the supporting system of China's carbon emissions trading system.In this context,the paper selects carbon emissions trading pilot in control of Hubei Province ranked companies-Yongan Pharmaceutical as a case study.Through the theoretical analysis of the accounting treatment system for carbon emission rights at home and abroad,This article explains the status quo of accounting treatment of carbon emission rights in Yongan Pharmaceuticals,and points out its main problems in accounting treatment;Then combined with the development characteristics of China's carbon trading market,this paper proposes the accounting treatment specification for carbon emission rights;Finally,the specification is applied to practical cases and improves the relevant accounting treatment of carbon emission rights of Yong'an Pharmaceutical.In the course of the study,this paper analyzes and draws on existing carbon accounting systems at home and abroad,examines carbon emission rights from four aspects: accounting confirmation,accounting measurement,accounting records,and accounting reports,building a relatively complete accounting treatment of carbon emission rights norms.This paper believes that the government's free distribution of carbon quotas should be recognized as the company's assets;When accounting recognition,based on different holding purposes,the carbon emissions are included in intangible assets and trading financial asset accounts;When confirming carbon emissions liabilities,it should be recognized as carbon emission payable when the company actually emits greenhouse gases.This paper suggests that the measurement attribute of carbon emission rights should be chosen as the fair value model,changes in fair value during subsequent measurement are accounted for separately in different accounting titles: Changes in carbon emission rights held for own use are accounted for in other comprehensive income accounts;Carbon emission rights held for investment should be included in the fair value change profit and loss account,affecting the current profits and losses of the company,in addition,it should be transferred when dealing with carbon emission rights.In the carbon emission accounting report,it should be disclosed in the table and the relevant accounting information should be disclosed in the off-balance sheet notes,in oeder to meet the needs of users of financial reporting information.Through the study of the accounting treatment of carbon emission rights,this paper can provide reference for improving the accounting treatment specification of carbon emission rights and accelerat the introduction of China's carbon emission accounting standards.At the same time,this paper can provide reference for the accounting treatment of control companies,promote the construction of carbon emission rights market,ensure the realization of energy-saving emission reduction targets and encourage companies to take the path of a low-carbon economy.