Look At Pseudoscience From The Perspective Of False Claims

Pseudoscience itself is not science but it disguised as science to cheat under the banner of science.This paper mainly examined pseudoscience from the perspective of hypothesis,used the standard of the hypothesis to measure pseudoscience and used the hypothesis to expose the problems of pseudoscience.First of all,this article summarizes the general characteristics of the hypothesis.In the process of putting forward a hypothesis,testing a hypothesis and evaluating the tested hypothesis,it summarizes the general characteristics of the hypothesis so as to prove the reliability of hypothesis being a scientific research method.The second part mainly studies the general characteristics of pseudoscience and analyzes the typical cases of pseudoscience.It summarizes the general characteristics of pseudoscience through the analysis of pseudoscience cases.Pseudoscientists mainly express their point of views through cases.By analyzing of the cases of pseudoscience,it is easy to grasp the research ideas of pseudoscientists and is helpful to summarize the general characteristics of pseudoscience.The last part mainly uses the principles of hypothesis to contrast the general features of pseudoscience.It analyzes the departure of pseudoscience to hypotheses and uses the hypothetical method to measure pseudoscience,which is a key point of this thesis.Combining the contents of previous two chapters,it reveals the false appearance of pseudoscience from hypothesis.In the first part of this paper,it will mainly analyze the general characteristics of hypothesis through three stages including putting forward a hypothesis,testing a hypothesis and evaluating the tested hypothesis.The proposed way of hypothesis is a reliable basis of the method of hypothesis,the scientific way of hypothesis is thus reflected.In the process of applying the hypothesis,we need to test the hypothesis.The test of hypothesis consists of three important ways:practical testing,judgmental testing and logical testing.These three testing methods complement each other.A tested hypothesis does not necessarily mean a scientific hypothesis.we can only say this kind of hypothesis has the possibility of becoming a scientific one.Those tested hypothesis are also need to be evaluated,and they should also has some qualities like being conservative,modest,simple,generalized,precise and refutable.Through the above three steps,a complete system of scientific research methodology has been formed,which reflects the scientific nature of the hypothesis.While the research methods of pseudoscientific are different,the formation of pseudoscientific views are mainly through the analysis of a number of specific cases and depend on the subjective feelings.Pseudoscientific theories are formed,but this process includes many unscientific components.The definition of pseudoscience in the academic community has been inconclusive.There is still much controversy,according to the research of the concept of pseudoscience in the academic community.I will give my understanding of pseudoscience in this chapter and summarize the general characteristics of pseudoscience through the analysis of typical pseudoscientific cases.By distinguishing the concept between pseudoscience and science,non-science and anti-science,it is conducive to grasping the characteristics of pseudoscience more accurately and understanding the connotation of pseudoscience more accurately.By comparison of these concepts,author defined pseudoscience as"Those knowledge systems which violate the basic scientific facts and objective laws and are not science but pretend to be scientific theories to cheat people can be called pseudoscience".This paper summarizes the general characteristics of pseudoscience through analyzing the cases of "Flying saucer",”Flat Earth","Lysenkoism" and"Astrology".Combining these typical cases,the author concludes that the pseudoscience has features of mystery,complexity,non-testability for several times,irreducibility,utilitarianism and argument from spurious similarity.Through the analysis of typical cases of pseudoscience,we can see the research ideas of pseudoscientists.There are essential differences in the process of proposing the pseudoscientific point of view and the formation of hypothesis.From the characteristics of pseudoscience,it can be seen that the pseudoscience deviates from the hypothesis.From the process of testing hypothesis,pseudoscience violates the principle of testability and logicality of hypothesis.Pseudoscience departs from the conservatism,modesty,simplicity,generality,precision,and refutability of the high-quality hypothesis,and each departure can be demonstrated through the features of pseudoscience.Through this paper,I will understand one problem that pseudoscientists always claim that their own doctrines are scientific and their own doctrines should have the same authority as science,or even more scientific than science,but their theory was not gained based on scientific method and cannot be tested by scientific method.With the non-scientific method,we cannot get the scientific theory and the scientific theory needs to be drawn through scientific methods.By analyzing the typical cases of pseudoscience,this paper summarized the general characteristics of pseudoscience,and further analyzed their deviations from the hypothesis in the scientific methodology,overturning the pseudoscientists’ claim that their theories are scientific theories.