Research On The Resources And Management Of Terrestrial Plants On The Catchment Surface Of Tengchong Beihai Wetland Reserve

As a transitional zone between land and water,wetland is a complex ecosystem with rich biodiversity and unique ecological functions.It carries unique plant and animal species and is one of the three major ecosystems in the world.The research site selected in this paper-Tengchong Beihai Wetland Reserve has the unique and rare natural landscape ecology type in the southwest of China--the plateau floating moss-wet marsh wetland.The formation mechanism of the"floating blanket" swamp is extremely rare.It is typical and unique.It has outstanding ecosystem representation in southwestern China and even the whole country,and it has important scientific research value.The terrestrial ecosystem around the wetland is an important part of the wetland.The health status of the wetland ecosystem is closely related to the vegetation of the mountain.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the vegetation on the catchment of the protected area.In this paper,the literature survey method,participatory survey method,Rapid Rural Appraisal(RRA),field survey,and plant specimen identification methods were used to study the terrestrial plant resources and their long-term management in the catchment area.The following main results were obtained through in-vestigation and research:1.T he status of terrestrial plant resources in the Beihai Wetland Reserve.The field survey of protected areas(July-August 2017,July-August 2018)recorded 120 species of 102 genera and 59 families of terrestrial plants(including varieties),of which 16 families,23 genera and 26 species of arbor plants,shrub plants There are 40 families,32 genera and 40 species,25 species,44 genera and 51 species of herbaceous plants,1 family,1 genera and 1 species of bamboo,2 families,2 genera and 2 species of ferns,and the ratio of arbor plants to shrubs is about 3:4.The ratio of woody plants to herbs is about 5:4.2.Plant community structure,classification and species diversity in the Beihai Wetland Reserve.The plant communities in the survey plots can be divided into two types:single-layer community pattern and multi-layer community pattern.The plant community in the survey plot is dominated by stratified trees.The common vertical structures are "tree-shrub","tree-herb","tree-shrub-herb".Vegetation types in the catchment area can be roughly divided into deciduous broad-leaved forest,warm coniferous forest,warm benign coniferous forest,Zhongshan wet evergreen broad-leaved forest,semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest,and shrub 6 vegetation.Types of.The a diversity index and βdiversity index were used as the evaluation indicators of plant diversity in the protected area,and the plant diversity of arbor layer,shrub layer and herb layer in Beihai Wetland Protection Area was evaluated.The results showed that the diversity index of plant community diversity in the protected area was roughly at the different levels of the community:shrub layer>herb layer>tree layer;from the east,north and west three different slopes to the protected area The diversity analysis of the plants showed that the index of the east slope to the sample zone was the largest in the different slope-like zones,while the index of the sample zone on the west slope was the smallest,which was expressed as the northern zone>the east zone>Western sample belt.3.Changes in the health status of terrestrial ecosystems in the Beihai Wetland Reserve.According to the survey of residents in the protected area community and related researches,the plant diversity of the catchment area in the protected area has been declining in the past 30 years,and the health of the ecosystem has been severely challenged.The main performances are as follows:(1)The original forest trees in the protected area are severely felled.The existing forest trees are mainly economic forests.Taiwan fir,and cedar,and the deciduous broad-leaved forest is reduced.The forest stands have a single forest,and most of them are low-quality forests.(2)A large number of invasive plants,Eupatorium adenophorum and small flying canopy.Invasive plants spread in protected areas,reject native plants,destroy native plant habitats,and usually form a single dominant community,resulting in the reduction or even extinction of native plant species,resulting in a decrease in the herbaceous plant community in the protected area and the destruction of the ecological environment of the protected area..4.Based on the social ecosystem sustainability analysis framework,identify the key variables of plant resource sustainability management in the Beihai Wetland Reserve,and initially analyze the sustainable management of the protected area.The results show that the Beihai Wetland Reserve has been used for many years in the traditional agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry complex-ecological system,the community residents use the Beihai wetland ecosystem for their own survival needs and economic benefits,the Beihai wetland terrestrial ecosystem health and the wetland waters.System health has an impact.From the perspective of social ecosystems,resource management must start with a close relationship between resource-user-governance systems and establish a governance cycle of feedback and regulation mechanisms.Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the social-ecological system,relying on a single policy to protect the North Sea wetland will do less with more.