Research On The Causes Of Consolidation Of Unearthed Silk Fabrics And The Simulated Exhibition

Uncovering protection of unearthed concreted silk is one of the important issues of culturalrelics protection. A number of silk fabrics of song dynasty were unearthed in Bao'en temple ofNanjing. These silk fabrics had been deteriorated and concreted seriously becouse of the buriedenvironment and the corrosion of artifacts. Uncovering is the first task of cultural relicsprotection restoring work. The uncover agent can be used during the uncovering process, whichis a kind of chemical auxiliary effectively uncovering and flattening the concreted silk fabrics.And then carrying on other restoring work such as cleaning and consolidation. To resolve theconcretion of unearthed silks is still a difficult problem in the field of relics restoration.Uncovering restoration is very difficult because of more concretion factors and fragile silks. It isa hard work to uncover the fragile and concreted silk in the condition of protecting its originalstate.According to the unearthed concreted silk in Bao'en temple of Nanjing, this paper is to testout the mail concretion materials and speculate the concretion origin from the concretion factorsand process. On the base of concretion materials and concretion factors of unearthed concretedsilks, we carried on the simulated uncovering experiment. The uncover agent that can not affectthe properties of silks was choosed by a large number of preliminary experiments. We discusseddifferent temperation, relative humidity and uncover time in the influence of concretion force,the concretion force decreased a lot by the optimazed technology. In the simulated uncoveringexperiment we made use of alkali and light double aging pattern, and carried on experimentusing fragile and deteriorated silk samples.We take samples from the unearthed silk of Bao'en temple of Nanjing and analyse theconcretion components by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(SEM/EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffractomer (XRD).The concretion components are composed of kaolinite, montmorillonoid, quartz, calciumcarbonate, feldspar, okenite, kalium chloratum, rust, saturated fatty acids salt, silkworm waxyresidues, lead sulfide(considered as textile auxiliaries, weighting agent or biomagnificationproduct) and spices wrapped by silk.The concretion origin of unearthed concreted silk in Bao'en temple of Nanjing can bereflected from concretion factors and process. Based on the main component of the concretionmaterials and concretion origin, we can study the uncover agent, uncover technology andsimulated uncovering experiment. The results of experiment were as follows. The maincompoments of uncover agent were composed of citric acid1, EDTA3, alcohol10, nekal BX1,hydrophilic aminofunctional silicone3, SDBS1and deionized water81weight parts. The temperature was30??the relative humedity70%and the uncover time10min throughorthogonal experiment. Under this conditions, the concretion force decreased to160mN. Thebreaking strength had increased, stiffness had improved, chromatic aberration had a littleincrease. The uncover agent and uncover technology had no obvious influence in the chemicalstructure, thermal stability, amino-acid component of concreted silk through infra-redspectrogram, thermal analysis and amino-acid analysis.The prepared uncover agent has been more clearly oriented based on the main concretionmaterials of the unearthed concreted silk in Bao'en temple of Nanjing. The uncover technologyhas characteristics of simple technology and convenient to operate, and has no effect on the silks.The aging samples are prepared by means of alkali and light double aging pattern, the agingpattern is new and the prepared samples are similar to the unearthed silks from the colour andquality.