Research On The Preparation Of Carbon Nanomaterials By DC Arc Plasma Method

Arc plasma method considered as a material preparation method has the advantages of convenient operation,safety and reliability,high controllability,highly thermal performance,highly chemical activity,highly cooling rate and controllable reaction atmosphere.Meanwhile,in recent years,carbon nanomaterials have attracted the attention of researchers around the world due to their excellent performance.Nowadays,carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes,carbon nanotube,graphene,carbon nanohorns,and amorphous carbon spheres have been prepared by DC arc plasma method in controllable reaction atmosphere.However,different carbon nanomaterials have been obtained by different researchers in the same atmosphere and at the same collection site.So it difficult to study the mechanism of carbon nanomaterials prepared by DC arc plasma.In this paper,carbon nanomaterials were prepared under three kinds of single atmospheres and the growth mechanism of carbon nanomaterials prepared by arc plasma method was explored.Under hydrogen atmosphere,graphene with a sheet size of 200 to 400 nm,a layer thickness of 2 to 4 and good crystallinity was obtained;under nitrogen atmosphere,carbon nanohorns with a size of 50 to 80 nm and a "dahlia" shape were prepared;and when in argon atmosphere,amorphous carbon balls with a size of 30 to 80 nm were prepared.In mixed gases,graphene was prepared under hydrogen and nitrogen mixed atmosphere,hydrogen and argon mixed atmosphere;and carbon nanohorns were prepared under nitrogen and argon mixed atmosphere.Based on the above-mentioned experiments,the growth mechanism of carbon nanomaterials prepared by DC arc plasma was explored.Under a argon atmosphere,it is difficult for the argon to react with the carbon clusters,and only the carbon clusters grow up to form the carbon nanomaterials,so that the carbon clusters are immediately combined in the binding growth;under a hydrogen atmosphere,the carbon clusters combine with hydrogen to form bonds,and the formed bonds can deactivate the carbon dangling bond,which is conducive to the formation of a sheet structure of graphene;under a nitrogen atmosphere,nitrogen doped in the carbon clusters,causing the graphite sheet to bend and form carbon angles,a single carbon nanohorn aggregates into a spherical aggregate as it moves away from the center of the arc.The direction for the preparation of carbon nanomaterials by DC arc method has been pointed out,and it also lays the foundation for the mass production of graphene and carbon nanohorns.