Solid Acid Preparation And Catalytic Synthesis Of Furan Derivatives

The overexploitation of fossil fuels leads to abrupt changes in the climate and forces people to look for sustainable,environmentally friendly fuels and chemicals.Lignocellulose is considered to be the most abundant resource on the planet and can be used as a renewable,high value-added chemical and biofuel.Among the chemicals obtained through biomass conversion,5-hydroxymethylfurfural?HMF?is an important platform small molecule,which is widely used in plastics,surfactants,solvents,fuels,pharmaceuticals and other fields.5-Ethoxymethylfurfural?EMF?effectively changes the HMF instability.EMF has a higher energy density relative to ethanol and approaches the energy density of biodiesel and gasoline.EMF has low toxicity and can be used as a fuel additive for biodiesel,so EMF is used as a second-generation biofuel.Commercial gasoline and gasoline mixed with biodiesel are mixed carbides of C₉-C₂₀,with a density of 0.82-0.85 g/cm³,a boiling point of 200-300oC,and an energy density of around 45 MJ/kg.Traditional research Through the Aldo condensation reaction,hydroxyalkylation reaction and the like,the HDO reaction produces long-chain alkane small molecules.Benzimidazole and its derivatives are important active substances in the field of pesticides and have a broad-spectrum bactericidal activity.Among them,thiabendazole,benomyl,and carbendazim are three representative active groups containing benzimidazoles.Commercial fungicide.Biomass is considered to be the most abundant renewable resource and the only source of organic carbon.Therefore,the development of biomass-based pesticides is of great significance.Therefore,the dissertation carried out some work:?1?A series of self-assembled catalysts were designed and prepared.First,a series of solid acid catalysts were prepared by adjusting the molar ratio of HPW to organic amines.The optimal catalyst PY-PW-1 was selected and characterized by a series of characterizations.The structure and properties of the catalyst were identified.It was used to catalyze the reaction of HMF to prepare EMF,and the reaction temperature,reaction time,catalyst amount and substrate concentration were discussed and optimized.The catalytic activity of this catalyst system in different substrates was also discussed.Reproducibility The preparation of homogeneous nanospheres of pyridine and triethylamine-heteropoly acid in different proportions was studied by self-assembly.Surfactants and templating agents were not used in the preparation process.The preparation process was simple and convenient.PY-PW-1catalyzes the conversion of HMF to EMF.At a lower temperature of 80 ^oC,the yield reaches 90%.Only the temperature is increased to 140 ^oC,and the HMF is converted to EL.The yield reaches 93%;PY-PW-1 catalytic fructose conversion to EMF still has a good effect?yield 55%?,PY-PW-1 catalyst good reusability,repeated use 5times after the catalytic activity did not significantly reduce.?2?Using montmorillonite K-10 as the main raw material,various doping metal catalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method.The doped metals were Sn,Nb,Fe,Cu and other metals.In the absence of solvents,various catalysts were screened in the catalytic chain extension reaction of MF,and the optimal catalyst Sn-K-10 was characterized accordingly?XRD,TEM,BET,SEM-mapping,N₂-adsorption desorption,NH₃-TPD,pyridine infrared?,and the catalytic activity of this catalyst to catalyze the carbon chain extension reaction of MF,and its reaction conditions?reaction time,temperature,catalyst dosage,substrate concentration?were optimized.The reusability and possible mechanism of the catalyst were discussed.One pot of highly efficient synthesis of the C₁₇oxygen-containing compound TMFE yielded a yield of 87%and a selectivity of 90%at 60 ^oC for 8 h.In this continuous reaction,Sn-K-10 has a porous surface,suitable Lewis and Br?nsted acidic sites,making it show good catalytic activity,in addition,it shows good reusability,selectivity It reaches 90%.Pd/Sn-K-10 catalyzed the hydrodeoxygenation of TMFE at lower temperatures of 80 and 180 ^oC,and no cracked compounds were found.C₁₇alkane fuels?MPU:93%?were obtained.?3?Different common acidic catalysts were screened,and their structural properties were characterized by TEM,XRD,TGA and NH3-TPD with the catalyst PY-PW-1,and the catalytic aldehydes and o-phenylenediamine were explored.The catalytic activity of the syntheses of imidazoles was discussed.The reaction conditions were discussed?solvent,temperature,time in the reaction system?.The optimal conditions were selected:water as solvent?5 mL?,o-phenylenediamine?2 mmol??100 ^oC,1 h?,the yield reached 85%,about 20 benzimidazoles were synthesized in one step,and the compounds were tested for biological activity,including two compounds The bacterial leaf blight of the rice has an EC₅₀ of 22.3 and 37.6.The EC₅₀ against Bacterial leaf blight of rice was43.7,73.7.