Research On The Application Of Resource Consumption Accounting In Coal-to-liquid Enterprises

With the development of global economy in 21 century,the market environment faced by enterprises has very great changes.At the same time,the concept and method of enterprise management are constantly updated and developed.This development and change of the internal and external environment of enterprises has led to the traditional cost accounting and management methods can no longer meet the growing needs of enterprises to improve the level of cost management.Faced with this challenge,the innovation of cost accounting theory and practice is also ongoing.From a worldwide perspective,in the 1950s,American scholars put forward Activity-Based Costing(ABC),which solved the problem of allocation of common costs from the perspective of activities,and promoted the development of management accounting technology,such as cost accounting,cost management and budget preparation.But in practice,the activity-based costing method also exposes the problems of high application and maintenance costs.In almost the same period,German scholars also proposed the Grenzplankostenrechnung(GPK),which corrected the previous practice of arbitrary cost allocation through more sophisticated cost accounting.However,the elastic marginal cost method also has some problems,such as high requirement of accounting refinement,unable to calculate the full cost of production and so on.In this case,Resource Consumption Accounting(RCA),which combines Activity-Based Costing(ABC)in the United States and elastic marginal costing in Germany,was introduced in the United States.This method not only makes up for the shortcomings of ABC,but also has rich practical experience accumulated by GPK,which can better adapt to modern enterprise cost management.Resource Consumption Accounting is to introduce the concept of resource agglomeration point on the premise of paying attention to activities,classify all resources consumed by enterprises according to the nature of their output,divide the same nature into a resource agglomeration point,and determine the output capacity and unit cost of their resources.In the measurement method of output capacity of resource agglomeration point,the quantity of output is the main unit of measurement,and the cost of all resource agglomeration points is divided into fixed cost and variable cost,which can not only avoid the subjectivity of choosing cost drivers under Activity-Based Costing,but also accurately calculate and effectively utilize the surplus/idle production capacity of resource agglomeration point.Under Resource Consumption Accounting,the total process of cost accounting is resource-resource gathering point-activity-product.Resources are allocated to activities through resource gathering point and finally product cost is obtained.Through the application of Resource Consumption Accounting in E Company,the comparative analysis shows that resource consumption accounting has substantial significance in modern coal-to-oil enterprises,can more accurately reflect the cost of products,and can trace the cost of resource consumption,which provides effective data support for cost control.But in the process of application,it is also found that the advanced degree of enterprise accounting information construction,the delicate degree of resource gathering point division,and the rationality of operation definition are the key factors for enterprises to make good use of resource consumption accounting.Therefore,coal-to-oil enterprises should pay attention to these aspects in the process of implementing resource consumption accounting,and take measures to ensure the effective application of resource consumption accounting,such as optimizing enterprise financial information management system,comprehensively considering cost-benefit principle,as far as possible to refine resource gathering points,and reasonably defining operations in accordance with the actual situation of enterprises.In short,the improved cost management ideas and methods provided by Resource Consumption Accounting can provide more accurate and effective decision-making information for coal-to-oil enterprises if applied properly,which will help to improve enterprise cost management and serve better for the enterprise strategy.