Research On Molding And Performance Of High Temperature Resistant Resin-based Composite Materials For Outer Space

Resin matrix composites have been widely used in the field of aerospace due to their high specific strength,high specific modulus,fatigue resistance,excellent thermal properties and strong designability.With the development of spacecraft to deep space exploration,the long-term service temperature of structural materials should be above 300?.At present,the commonly used composites can not meet the requirements,so it is necessary to further improve the temperature resistance of composites.In order to meet the requirements of deep space exploration and air-to-air shuttle aircraft for high temperature resistant resin matrix composites,two kinds of high temperature resistant resin systems,polyimide and phthalonitrile,were studied in this paper.Moulding of High Modulus carbon Fiber / High temperature resistant Composites The art and high temperature resistance were studied.The main elements and conclusions are as follows:1.By means of DSC and rheology,the curing parameters of polyimide 1,polyimide 2and phthalonitrile were determined and the curing process of high temperature resistant resin matrix composites was formulated.2.Three kinds of high modulus carbon fiber / high temperature resistant resin composites were prepared by vacuum bag hot pressing tank method.The mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed by mechanical testing machine.The fracture morphology of the composites was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The thermal properties of the materials were evaluated by dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer(DMA).The mechanical tests show that the tensile,flexural and interlaminar shear properties of the two polyimide resin composites are better than those of the phthalic acrylonitrile resin composites.SEM showed that the interfacial adhesion of polyimide 2 composite was the strongest,the interface of phthalonitrile composite was the weakest.The DMA test showed that the glassy transition temperatures(Tg)of polyimide 1,polyimide 2 and phthalonitrile composites were 360?,310? and 260?,respectively,all of which had good heat resistance.The experimental results show that the polyimide resin system has good compatibility with high modulus carbon fiber,the curing process is effective,and the mechanical properties can meet the requirements of application,while the phthalic acrylonitrile resin system can match the high modulus carbon fiber.The curing process of phthalonitrile composites needs further study.3.The mechanical properties of polyimide 1 composites at different temperatures weremeasured by mechanical testing machine and environment box.Fracture morphology was observed by SEM.The mechanical tests show that the retention rate of bending and shear properties of polyimide 1 composites is over 73% below 300?.SEM shows that the bending and laminated shear failure morphology are basically the same below 300?,indicating that the high temperature has little effect on the interface of the composite.The experimental results show that high modulus carbon fiber / polyimide 1 composites have better mechanical properties of high temperature resistance and can be used as high temperature resistant composites at 300?.