Design And Research Of The Control System Of The Orchard Gas Explosion Loosening Soil And Fertilizer Injection Machine

Fertilization of fruit trees is a crucial link in fruit production.At present,there are many problems in orchard machinery operation in China,such as single function,low efficiency,difficulties in applying fertilizer in deep soil-loosening.To achieve high and stable yield of orchard,not only high fertility and low-pollution fertilizer,but also high efriciency fertilization machinery are needed.With the progress of science and technology of China,the need of orchard fertilizer applying machine with specialized,automatized and intellectualized is becoming more and more.This paper studied and designed the control system of air explosion subsoiling and fertilizer injection machine based on PLC.Aiming at improving the automation and intelligence of the machine and solving the problems of complicated operation and numerous steps of orchard fertilizer machine.The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows:(1)Completed the design of the whole structure and key components of the orchard air explosion subsoiling and fertilizer injection machine.The overall design scheme of the machine was determined,and built the three-dimensional model of the machine.According to the mechanism of air explosion subsoiling and the working principle of the machine,the air-liquid pipeline,loosening soil fertilizer injection mechanism and hydraulic transmission system were designed and the components were selected.(2)Completed the design of loosening soil and fertilizer injection control scheme.Based on the orchard air explosion subsoiling and fertilizer injection machine,the further researches on the pressure regulation of air explosion loosening soil and variable flow fertilizer injection control scheme were putted.The alternatives were analyzed and compared,selected the important parts,and built the mathematical model of the control system.The further control optimization scheme of the control system was analyzed and compared.(3)Completed the control system design of the orchard air explosion subsoiling and fertilizer injection machine.The control system based on PLC was designed according to the operation requirements of the orchard air explosion subsoiling and fertilizer injection machine,and determined the overall structure and control mode of the system.It mainly involves the software and hardware design of the lower computer system with PLC as the core controller,the human-computer interaction interface and the communication settings of each functional module of the control system.It mainly involved the hardware and software design of the lower computer system which with PLC as the core controller,human-computer Interactive interface and the communication settings of each functional module of the control system.(4)Researches on control algorithm of loosening soil and fertilizer injection and system experiment were carried out.After comparing and analyzing the existing control algorithms,the fuzzy PID control and RBF neural network algorithm are selected as the control algorithms of pressure regulation of the air explosion subsoiling and variable rate fertilization injection control system in this paper.The simulation comparison test of air pressure regulation by fuzzy PID control and conventional PID control proves that the fuzzy PID control has smaller overshoot,smoother response curve and better robustness.Sample data of variable rate fertilization injection control are obtained by prototype test.After training RBF neural network to establish network prediction model,the average relative deviation of prediction is 5.28%,which proves the feasibility of RBF neural network prediction algorithm in this system.