The Effect Of Cocaine Exposure During Adolescence On Adult Behavior And Its Mechanism: A Preliminary Study Based On Animal Experiments

Background:Drug exposure in adolescents is a serious public health problem.Adolescence is an important period during the development of brain,in this period,the brain is easy to be affected by the internal and external stimulation.Cocaine is a local narcotic drug,but it also commonly used as mental stimulants in European and America.According to epidemiological data,because the abuse of cocaine in adolescence,the adult is easy to be anxiety and the incidence of mental illness is higher than the general population.Aim:Cocaine animal model are constructed in order to investigate the effects of adult animal behavior by intraperitoneal injection of cocaine in adolescence.Methods:(1)Water maze experiment:To explore learning and memory capacity;(2)Elevated cross experiment:To observe anxious behaviors;(3)Open field experiment:To explore exercise capacity and behaviors;(4)Tail test and forced swimming experiment:To explore its depressive behavior;(5)Conditional preference test:Drug addiction and relapse behavior.Conclusion:Compared with the control group,the learning and memory ability of the rats in the cocaine group was not affected;but the behavior of anxiety and the behavior of depression were increased.Background:Drug exposure in adolescents causes adult mental disorders.The hippocampus is a key brain area which is involved with spatial learning and declarative memory.The prefrontal cortex is an executive brain area that participates in working memory,attention and decision-making,and emotional control.Both are important targets of the neurotoxicity of drugs.Moreover,the adolescence is an important period in the development of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.Aim:To investigate the effects of cocaine exposure in adolescents on the microenvironment and the structure of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.Methods:Methods:(1)HE staining:Morphological changes of hippocampal neurons;(2)Western blot:levels of apoptosis-related proteins,oxidative stress,inflammatory factors and growth factors in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus;(3)Golgi staining:The number and morphology of dendritic spines;(4)Electron microscopy:The ultrastructure and number of synaptic.Conclusion:Drug exposure in adolescents damage the hippocampal neurons morphology and microenvironment of adult,it reduce the amount of prefrontal cortical synapses and dendritic spines.These changes increase the incidence of abnormal mental behavior in adulthood.Background:The balance of inhibitory neurotransmitters and excitatory neurotransmitters in nerve system is of great importance for the normal execution of brain function and behavioral phenotypes.The disorder of y-aminobutyric acid system is one of the main pathological mechanisms in depression,anxiety,epilepsy,material dependence,schizophrenia and other mental illness.Aim:To investigate the effect of adolescent exposure to cocaine on GABA system in mPFC of adult mouse.Methods:(1)Immunohistochemical staining:The pyramidal neuronal activity in the fifth layer of mPFC;(2)Immunoblotting:GABA energy system-related protein expression levels;(3)Mass spectrometry:The level of GABA expression in the mPFC;(4)Electron microscopy:The synaptic ultrastructure;(5)Whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology:The amplitude and the frequency of miniIPSCs and miniEPSCs in the mPFC.Conclusion:Cocaine exposure in adolescents enhance the functional activity of GABA system in mPFC.