Professor Guo Zhiqiang's Retrospective Study On The Treatment Of Threatened Abortion

ObjectiveTo investigate and summarize the medicinal applications and patterns of Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang’s experience on the threatened abortion,providing reference and insights for those working in such field.MethodsCollect all the Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang’s clinical cases that are diagnosed threatened abortion,recorded at Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated with BUCM,between March 2014 to March 2016,filter the 56 clinical data based on the inclusive and exclusion criteria.Create a database with WPS Excel 2019,using the functions of Excel and Spss20.0,calculating the frequency and rate based on the patients’ basic information,symptoms,medicine used(nature and flavour,channel tropism,effect),and analyze these data to summarize Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang’s clinical experience on the threatened abortions.Results1.In the 56 cases of threatened abortion,1 case missing data of age.Within the 55 cases,youngest of age 27,eldest of age 43,are categorized in to 4 age groups,with 5 years/group:6 cases between the age of 25-29(10.71%),32 cases between the age of 30-34(57.41%),13 cases between the age of 35-39(23.21%),4 cases between the age of 40-45(7.14%).2.In the 56 cases of threatened abortion,11 cases(16.94%)do not report any history of gestation,while the reamaining 45 cases(80.36%)reported history of gestation.Within the 45 history of gestation cases,12 cases reported having one pregnancy,14 cases reported having two pregnancies(1 case of delivery history),19 cases reported having pregnancy three times or more(2 cases of delivery history);Within the 45 cases,17 cases reported history of embryo arrest(37.78%),6 cases of induced abortions(13.33%),7 cases having both induced abortion and embryo arrest(15.56%);also,within the 31 cases of embryo arrest,embryo damage usually appears at week 7 or week 8.3.In the 56 cases of threatened abortion,16 cases reported no anamnesis,remaining cases are categorized in to 11 groups based on their medical history,21 cases with pelvic inflammations,14 cases with uterine myoma,6 cases with thyorid disease,4 cases with ovarian cyst,3 cases with endometriosis,3 cases with polycystic ovarian syndrome,and 1 case each for uterine septum,diabetes mellitus,premature ovarian failure,intrauterine adhesion,hyperprolactinemia and missing information.4.Based on 56 cases’ syndrome,the most frequent symptoms are the following:nausea,breast distending pain,hypogastralgia,lumbago,emesis,vaginal bleeding brown in color,anorexia,loose stool,frequent urination and insomnia.The patients’tongue manifestation are usually dark red or light red,with thin white coating,teeth-printed tongue,thready slippery pulse or slippery pulse.Due to symptoms presented above,it’s concluded that the most common Chinese Medicine diagnoses made by Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang would be spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome.5.Out of the 56 cases,a total of 213 decoctions are recorded,with 92 different herbs used,the total frequency of herbs used is 3,147 times.It is shown that the basic composition of Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang’s decoction for threatened abortion includes the follwing herbs:Cuscuta chinensis Lam.,Dipsacus asper Wall.ex Henry,Taxillus sutchuenensis(Lecomte)Danser,Paeonia lactiflora Pall.,Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.,Dioscorea oppositifolia L.,Radix Glycyrrhizae preparata,Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz,Colla Corii Asini,Eucommia ulmoides Oliver,Radix Astragali Preparata,Boehmeria nivea(L.)Gaud.,the nature and flavour of Chinese Medcine characteristic are neutral,sweet,its channel tropism consist of the spleen,liver and kidney meridian,and its general effect is to tonify deficiency.Conclusion1.By analyzing patients’ basic information,it’s concluded that the majority of threatened abortion cases are between age 30-39,most cases reported with history of pelvic infections.In this study,the Chinese Medicine diagnosed syndrome is based on the patients’ history of Abnormal pregnancy,combined with base decoctions’ nature and flavour,and channel tropism.Through deductive reasoning,it is concluded that the most common Chinese Medicine diagnoses is spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome,the majority cause of threatened abortion are the deficiency of spleen and kidney and insecurity of thoroughfare and conception channels.2.based on analyzing rules of Chinese herbal medicines:(1)The basic composition of Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang’s decoction for threatened abortion includes:Cuscuta chinensis Lam.,Dipsacus asper Wall.ex Henry,Taxillus sutchuenensis(Lecomte)Danser,Paeonia lactiflora Pall.,Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.,Dioscorea oppositifolia L.,Radix Glycyrrhizae preparata,Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz,Colla Corii Asini,Eucommia ulmoides Oliver,Radix Astragali Preparata,Boehmeria nivea(L.)Gaud.,the nature and flavour of these herbs are considered neutral and sweet flavor,its channel tropism consist of the spleen,liver and kidney meridian,and its general effect are tonic function and nourishing blood while stopping bleedin.The principles for treating threatened abortion is reinforcing spleen and kidney,nourishing the blood and hemoslasis,tranquilizing fetus to prevent miscarriage.(2)Depending on the symptoms of the patient,Prof.Guo Zhi Qiang will use these combinations to treat the following symptoms:for lumbago or tinnitus,Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.,Fructus Lycii,Polygonum multiforum Thunb.are used;if nausea or emesis orccurs with patient,and those that are diagnosed with qi stagnation can use Folium Perillae,if the patient is of dampness-heat constitution,Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is used;patients presenting with lack of apetite,tiredness or loose stool can use Poria cocos(Schw.)Wolf,Oryz asatinL.var.glutinosaMatsu;if the patient is diagnosed with syndrome of sinking of qi due to spleen deficiency,usually accompanied with lengthy history of lack of apetite,loose stool and diarrhea can use Radix Puerariae,Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz.