Investigation On The Vaccination Willingness Of Professional Population Such As Pathogenic Microorganism Laboratory Staff

Background:The pathogenic microbiology laboratory staff refers to the professional personnel who work in Centers for Disease Control(hereinafter referred to as CDC),medical institutions,scientific research institutes,enterprises that provide services related to pathogenic microbes,and are engaged in research,teaching,testing,diagnosis and other activities related to pathogenic bacteria/virus and their samples.Aerosols,accidental inhalation,stab wounds and other aspects may lead to occupational exposure in the process of isolation,culture,centrifugation,ultrasound,homogenization,preservation and resuscitation of pathogenic microbes.Laboratory infection was recorded as early as 1826.As more and more laboratory infection is reported,many countries begin to realize the harm of laboratory infection and formulate corresponding laboratory biosafety operation rules to avoid the occurrence of laboratory infection.Since 1983,the World Health Organization(WHO)has published the first edition of Manual on Laboratory Biosafety(updated version 3 in 2004)to help countries formulate and establish microbiological practices to ensure the safety of microbial resources.Since 2002,China has successively promulgated General Guidelines for Biosafety of Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories,General Requirements for Biosafety of Laboratories and Regulations on Biosafety Management of Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratories.Starting with the classification of pathogenic microbes,laboratory design,infection control,supervision and management and other aspects,the supervision and management of biosafety laboratories was strengthened.As one of the most scientific and effective methods to prevent infectious diseases,vaccines have been written into relevant regulations to protect the health of laboratory staff and the public.The vaccines are also used to control nosocomial infection in medical institutions.Due to the differences in staff composition and work content between CDC and medical institutions,their occupational exposure and vaccination are also different.Objective:To understand the immune status and immune willingness of the staff from pathogenic microbiology laboratory and medical institutions in China,and to analyze the risk of infection and the influencing factors of vaccination,so as to provide reference for proposing immunization strategies suitable for professional people in line with China’ s national conditions and minimize the harm of vaccine preventable diseases to professionals.Methods:In July 2019,professionals from CDC and medical institutions in nine provinces of Anhui,Shanghai,Shanxi,Hubei,Beijing,Chongqing,Jilin,Shaanxi and Xinjiang were investigated by self-administered network questionnaire.Their data on immunization history,vaccination intention and causes of the population were collected.WPS software was used for analysis.The difference between CDC and medical institutions,the current situation of vaccination and its influencing factors were statistically analyzed by using χ2 test,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Results:(1)General situation:A total of 509 professionals participated in the survey,including 117 clinical medical staff,37 laboratory staff,19 epidemic staff from CDC and 336 laboratory staff[162 males(31.83%),347 females(68.17%)];[70 in 20～years old group(13.75%),195 in 30～years old group(38.31%),150 in 40～years old group(29.47%)and 94 in≥50 years old group(18.47%)];[135 junior titles(26.52%),228 intermediate titles(44.79%),108 deputy high titles(21.22%)and 38 senior titles(7.47%)].(2)Exposure situation:The posts with the most frequent occupational exposure were medical staff(35.04%),and the highest proportion of exposure to 1～5 pathogens was the provincial CDC(80.68%).The three pathogens with the most occupational exposure in medical institutions were hepatitis B,influenza and tuberculosis.The three pathogens with the most occupational exposure in CDC were hepatitis B,influenza and HIV.After occupational exposure,93.33%of them took emergency measures.(3)Vaccination situation:The overall vaccination rate of staff in medical institutions was 48.70%,and the overall vaccination rate of staff in CDC was 59.72%.The top five vaccines with the highest vaccination rate are hepatitis B,influenza,measles,rubella and mumps vaccines.After vaccination,38 staff(50.67%)in medical institutions kept vaccination records,and 157 staff(74.06%)in CDC kept vaccination records.Among the 176 staff who had been vaccinated with influenza,only 52(29.55%)were vaccinated with the influenza vaccine in the same year.(4)Factors affecting vaccination:In different age groups,the vaccination rate in the 20～years old group was the lowest(27.14%).In different institutions,the vaccination rate in primary hospitals was the highest(58.69%),and that in district CDC was the lowest(38.52%).Among different occupational groups,the vaccination rate of epidemic workers was the highest(57.89%),and that of clinical medical staff was the lowest(40.54%).There were 255 laboratory/clinical lab staff(68.36%)and 34 epidemic/medical staff(25.00%).(5)Vaccination willingness:91.36%of the staff were willing to be vaccinated;98.82%of the staff are willing to be vaccinated under the compulsory vaccination policy,and 99.02%of the staff support the national formulation of a professional population immunization strategy.Countermeasure and suggestion:(1)Professional staff are recommended to get influenza vaccine,hepatitis B vaccine,measles and rubella vaccine,and hepatitis A vaccine.(2)The management of medical examinations and vaccination records for professional staff needs to be strengthened.(3)Improving vaccination services for professional staff.(4)Introducing vaccination strategies to recommend or mandatory require Professional staff to vaccinate.