| Objective:By exploring the characteristics of cognitive impairment and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)accompanied by depression,and risk of TCM syndrome elements to its incidence,as well as the correlation between TCM syndrome and cognitive function was further analyzed,We conducted this study to provide a theoretical basis for early clinical identification and further dialectical treatment.Methods:After consistent training,the researchers screened patients with memory loss from April 2018 to December 2019 who visited the memory clinic of the third department of encephalology in Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine or other hospitals and communities recruited by posters.A total of 121 subjects were enrolled,whose age were between 40 and 85 years old and met the diagnostic criteria and inclusion and exclusion criteria.aMCI patients with depression were classified as aMCI depression(aMCI-D)group,and the rest were non-depressed(aMCI-ND)group.A cross-sectional study was conducted to record general data and neuropsychological assessment of the subjects,to collect the cognitive function scores of the patients,and to collect information of the four diagnostic procedures by inspection,listening and smelling,inquiry and pulse-taking.The pattern element scale for dementia(PES-D-11)was used to evaluate TCM syndrome scores on patients,comparing the cognitive function characteristics and TCM syndrome factor characteristics of the two groups,and the correlation between depression degree and cognition or TCM syndrome was analyzed.After organizing the data,SPSS 20.0 was applied for statistical analysis:(1)Demographic characteristics:age and the degree of education was measured by nonparametric test of two independent samples;Body Mass Index(BMI)were tested by t test of two independent samples;gender and the history of smoking,drinking,head trauma and interests were tested by chi-square test;(2)The comparison of cognitive function scores between two groups using nonparametric test of two independent samples;(3)The nonparametric test of two independent samples was used to compare the integrals of TCM syndrome elements between two groups;(4)The difference of distribution frequency of syndrome elements between two groups was tested by chi-square test;(5)With or without depression(1=yes,0=no)as the dependent variable,Logistic regression analysis of binary data was used to calculate the risk of TCM syndrome factors for aMCI with depression;(6)The correlation between depression degree and cognitive function or TCM syndrome elements was analyzed by Spearman and Kendall correlation coefficients;Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome scores and neuropsychological scores in the aMCI-D group.The significant level of all kinds of tests was P<0.05.Results:1.Among the 121 subjects enrolled,71 were in the aMCI-D group and 50 were in aMCI-ND group.There was a significant difference in gender between the two groups(P=0.000).The number of women in the aMCI-D group was significantly higher than that in the aMCI-ND group,and there were also more women in the aMCI-D group than men.2.After adjusting for gender,the scores of trail making test-A(TMT-A)and delayed story recall scale(DSR)in the aMCI-D group were significantly higher than those in the aMCI-ND group(P<0.05).3.The comparison between two groups showed that here was a significant difference in qi deficiency score(P<0.001).Except for qi deficiency score,the sputum turbidity score was the highest in both groups;TCM syndrome elements in the aMCI-D group were mainly distributed in qi deficiency(78.9%),phlegm muddiness(46.5%),and kidney deficiency(43.7%).The scores of the three syndrome factors of kidney deficiency(P<0.05),qi deficiency(P<0.001)and blood deficiency(P<0.05)were significantly different.The occurrence of aMCI-D was positively correlated with qi deficiency and blood deficiency,which had statistical significance for the risk of aMCI with depression.4.The depression degree of aMCI subjects was positively correlated with TMT-A(P=0.049)?DSR(P=0.036)?Clinical dementia rating scale-sum of boxes(CDR-SB)(P=0.021)and Neuropsychiatric Inventory(NPI)(P=0.001),and also positively correlated with qi deficiency in the aspect of TCM syndrome(r=0.369,P=0.000).5.The scores of phlegm muddiness in the aMCI-D group were positively correlated with CDR-SB(P=0.019).Conclusions:1.Gender may have an influence on the incidence of aMCI with depression,and the incidence may be higher in women than in men.2.Compared with the aMCI-ND group,the aMCI-D group showed more damage to executive function.3.Qi deficiency and phlegm muddiness were the main TCM syndromes in the aMCI-D group.As for the patients in aMCI-ND group,kidney deficiency,phlegm muddiness and loss of marrow were the main manifestations.Qi deficiency and blood deficiency may be a risk factor for aMCI patients with depression.4.Elements of phlegm muddiness syndrome may influence the cognitive function of patients with aMCI-D and cognitive function deteriorates as the scores rise. |
PDF Full Text Request