Bronze Spherical Dun Research

This article through a comprehensive study of Ball-shaped Bronze Dui,the main conclusions are summarized as follows:First:form and evolution.According to the characteristics of the cover,belly and mouth edge,the Ball-shaped bronze Dui is divided into three types.Each type is divided into subtypes according to the characteristics of the foot and the button.Each subtype is divided according to the shape of the body.Looking at the situation of various types,the overall evolutionary feature is that the body develops from oblate to spherical and then to elliptical.However,each type has its own special circumstances,and the process of evolution is net synchronized.Second:phases and times.Taking the evolution of Ae Ball-shaped bronze Dui' s body with the most complete development sequence as the standard,the evolution process of Ball-shaped bronze Dui is divided into three phases:the first phase,the flat round body phase,the age is the late of Spring and autumn period;and the second phase,the spherical shape During the physical period,the era was from the early of the Warring States period to the early of the mid Warring States period;the third period was the period of the oval-shaped body,and the period was the later of the mid Warring States period to the late of Warring States period.Third:The type,layout rules and combinations of the decorations.Through the systematic arrangement of Ball-shaped bronze Dui' s sculptures,the ornamentation can be divided into three categories:animal,plant,and geometry,among which there are many kinds of animal ornamentation and geometric ornamentation.The analysis of the decorative positions of various ornamentation reveals that in each type(or subtype),the same ornament often has relatively fixed decorative parts.This layout rule makes various types(or subtypes)of decorative patterns and the combination is different.Forth:origins,distribution and demise.In the early of the late Spring and Autumn Period,the Zhan-shaped Dui was affected by the Ding,the cover and abdomen gradually deepened,and the foot gradually lengthened and evolved into Ball-shaped Dui.The Ball-shaped Dui originated from the core area of the Chu culture,namely the Xiangfan--Nanyang area.In the late of the late spring and autumn spread to the Qi culture area.In the early of the Warring States period affected the Yan culture area and the Jin culture area.In the early of the mid Warring States period,it further spread to the Sichuan area:The disappearance time and reasons of the Ball-shaped Dui in various cultural districts are not exactly the same,and they can be summarized as"subregional demise." The causes of demise can be divided into three levels:First,the substitutional extinction at the artifact level;Second,the blow-down extinction at the military level;Third,the decline of the ritual system will decline.Fifth:The division and characteristics of the cultural systems.This paper has changed the previous method of regional division,but based on typological analysis to adopt the method of division of the cultural system,and divided the Ball-shaped bronze Dui into four major cultural systems,namely,Chu culture system,Qi culture system,Yan culture system and Jin culture system.The characteristics of the shape,ornamentation and inscription of the various cultural systems are very different.Sixth:One vessel with two uses and paired funerary phenomena.There are many bronze vessels have one vessel with two uses.The basic symmetric features of the Ball-shaped bronze Dui are very typical.In the tombs with Ball-shaped bronze Dui,they were often buried in pairs.The appearance of this phenomenon was related to its function and the Yin and Yang concepts of the people at that time.